Waterloo Bridge is located in the bend of the River Thames. The broad view of the bridge, visitors are like to visit the place. Between 1899-1901, the impressionist painter Monet lived in London with the bridge on the theme of creating a series of paintings. These paintings are similar in perspective, composition is almost exactly the same, the difference is only the weather conditions and response to light and shadow color changes. All along, Monet painting the exact location of fans. In recent years, this puzzle has been solved by a meteorologist. Meteorologist John Thornes by drawing the position of the sun and weather conditions, the Monet painting precise location to a specific room.
Monet was born in Paris, a small merchant family, like painting very early, and after serving as a soldier is determined to paint for a living. He had studied under academic painter Gleyre in Paris, but because of the rigid academic ordinances dissatisfaction with Renoir, who left the studio together Sigler. In 1873, he created the "impression of the sunrise", depicting the French city of Le Havre in a water sunrise scenery. In 1874, the painting in the "Unknown Painter Exhibition" on display, shocked the whole of Paris. A reporter named Leroy Leroy in the "noisy" magazine issued a satirical, with Monet the painting's name "impression" to refer to the group of unnamed painters, meaning that these artists skill is not in place, can only depict Fuzzy "impression".
Louis Leroy did not expect that "impression" has become the group of artists proud of the title. Modern art in the important impression of school, also started. In fact, to participate in "nameless exhibition", is a group of vibrant young painter. These young painters were dissatisfied with the official art salon controlled by the academy and decided to organize the "Unnamed Art Exhibition" to show their resistance. On the subject, these works favor fragments of objective scenes, rather than the complete story scenes of classical paintings. In the creative techniques, the young painters are bold innovation. Monet uses color instead of traditional lines to represent the contours of an object.
The Renaissance Venetian school of painting has also explored this direction, but Monet surprisingly bold, the picture of the boats and buildings, it seems only a few heavy to outline the completion. His use of color is more bold, water, sky and land are covered with a layer of misty light blue. In the orange sun, the sky reveals a red orange, completely abandon the "blue sky and white clouds" type of color match.
At first glance, "impression of the sunrise," the audience is mostly dismissive, that Monet in the color by a bit to Bo eye. When people out of the exhibition hall to look at the sky, only to be surprised to find that Monet is very appropriate to use the color. At sunrise and sunset, the sun slanting through the atmosphere, the propagation path in the air longer. Blue-purple band attenuation badly, so the sun appears to be red, orange, yellow band color. Coupled with the late 19th century is the peak of the industrial revolution, the city's air pollution, frequent haze and haze. Gray mist fog shrouded the city, the orange sun through the fog and haze particles scattering, so that the sky are infected with orange-red.
Monet is a very scientific spirit of the artist. Before painting, he will be a detailed observation of nature and records. He strongly advocated outdoor painting, that in the outdoor environment, the painter can directly describe the real scene of the sun, which can capture the subtle changes in air and light. As his own summary:
"The scenery has never been isolated, the surrounding light and air have changed, and the appearance of the scene has changed, and to me the surrounding air has given the scene real value.
In order to paint, he often appeared in the pollution of the railway station and factories, in the pungent odor of color changes. He painted the "Saint-Lazare train station", smoke emerge from the locomotive, the sky color in the blue and green between the variable. In addition to fog haze, any light can be struck by the color of the weather phenomena are fascinated by Monet. His "Creuse Valley" depicts the evening scene. In the sunset, the sky is pink, the valley is red sauce, and even the river are shining red and yellow. And in 1872 he painted the two "lilac", respectively, sunny and cloudy as the background, thus creating a completely different colors.
The theme of traditional paintings is often a myth, religion, politics and other great themes, natural phenomena can only play a small role. In Monet's pen, once the natural phenomenon of neglect has become the protagonist. Monet's interest in nature represented his contemporaries' interest in nature. From the sixteenth century onwards, European rational renaissance. Newton as a representative of a group of natural scientists, to observe the experience as the basis, and gradually solve the mystery of nature. The ship brought back a number of precious animal and plant and mineral specimens, greatly enhanced people's understanding of nature.
The 19th century, optics and color science has also been further developed. Gustave Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen studied the spectrum of the sun and concluded that matter absorbs and emits light of a particular frequency. It is based on this principle, the daily scene to show a variety of colors. Monet likes to be like a scientist, so that the experimental object in a different environment in order to observe the object response. He often painted the same scene repeatedly, in order to faithfully record the scene in different weather performance: sunrise, sunset, sunny, cloudy ... ... he described the British parliament building, there are as many as 19. In his later years, Monet also built a pond in Givell's house, drawing more than 200 paintings against the water lilies in the pond.
Monet with a thorough scientific spirit to the traditional academic war, open the door for modern art. But with the further development of modern art, Monet led the Impressionist and was seen as down to the authority. In Monet's later years, a new generation of modern artists grew up. They regard the impression of painting as a continuation of realistic painting, that Monet and other Impressionist painter has been the scientific mechanical kidnapping. Harsh literary critics and even wantonly attack Monet's "water lilies", that it is he again Jianpifeng front. Some people even take Monet's cataract eyes joked that Monet's new painting is only the product of blurred vision. At this time Monet vision recession, draw the water lilies are with a strange blue-violet, people increasingly do not understand. But Monet never changed. Those blue-violet, cataract patients can see the special band of light.
Until the last Monet faithfully depict what they saw in nature.
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