Suppose you have to build a car then what material would you want? An engine, car frame, wheels, some electronics, seats, transmission systems, screws, fuel and a lot of stuff. And now if I say that you have to make an engine then you will want a lot of metals from which you will make the engine but if you want to make metal then?
Or think there are so many elements on the earth, where all these are formed or will be made? When the event of Big Bang has decreased then only the electrons, protons and neutrons in the universe should have been considered if string theory is believed to have been there before, but for the moment the electrons, protons and neutrons are believed to be present and these three They may also be different. Also very much temperature and unaccounted energy. There was nothing else, neither the Earth nor the Sun, nor the stars, nor the stars; Only these three particle electrons, protons and neutrons roamed around very fast. If there is any other particle besides these, then they ignore them at the moment.
The question is, how did all this happen from that situation which is today?
How were they made : moon, sun and stars and our earth?
Atomic nucleus__source
To understand this, first of all, understand that all the elements have electrons, protons and neutrons, from one to the other in the atomic nucleus they form different elements according to different numbers. The properties of an element are determined by how much its atom is and the two basic properties of atom depends on the fact that it has the number of electrons, protons and neutrons. It means that the same electrons inside you. Proton and neutron that is inside me or that is inside a star or it's inside the alien on a planet
The point to say is that the creation of all of us is from the source. All elements are made from the same source.
Construction of Hilium and Energy from Hydrogen Fusion__source
Hydrogen is the simplest element of the universe. Which is made of an electron and a proton. The formation of hydrogen has also been possible only after the cosmic cooling of the universe. But still this would have been relatively easy with the formation of heavy elements. The construction of helium also started in the same period.
The stars will be made up close to the Big Bang four million years later, these stars may have been large spheres of hydrogen and they have almost hydrogen and helium. Afterwards, the formation of lithium, barielium, barran, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen etc. started in the center of these stars. When lithium lithium ion battery of your mobile will be known. The excessive amount of energy and pressure generated in the center of the stars, these mild atoms are mixed into heavy atoms, and the energy generated from it exits as light, heat etc. This process is called nuclear fusion.
In order to start nuclear fusion in a wire, its mass should be so much that the pressure in the center can be generated, which can convert two hydrogen atoms into the helium and then to make more heavy elements of the atom.
If I tell you two atoms of hydrogen, make helium together, then it will not be easy. Let's do some more easy work. You should do so by touching anything you have. Was this easy job? - No. Rather, it is also hard work by combining two atoms of hydrogen into helium. In reality, you have not touched that thing and you can not even touch anything. When two objects are interconnected, their electrodes come in contact with the cloud first because now the electron clouds are negatively charged then they repel each other and some of them are left in the middle. Any atom also has a very empty space in itself. Now if two nuclear atoms are to be joined together, then they have to get closer to atomic distance (10 -15 m) and this requires a lot of pressure and heat, because at this distance the nuclear force starts working And the nuclear force is the most powerful force of nature. For this, this energy can be made either in a nuclear furnace or in the stomach of a star. (The star's stomach means its core). Because pressure and heat are possible only at the center of a star, where pressure of all the gases in the star causes so much heat and pressure due to gravity.
Combining the more elemental elements of atom, it would be difficult to create a new element. That is why mixing two atoms of hydrogen can be easier than touching any object.
Formation of light elements by nuclei fusion in stars__source
Wires produce enormous amounts of energy, but still there is a limit of a star. You can understand it like this. To fusion hydrogen, the mass of a star should be only 1/100 of the Sun's mass. If there is so much mass then the fusion of hydrogen will start at the center of that star. To begin the same fusion of Neon, its mass should be less than eight times the Sun's mass. The mass of the sun is changing in the amount of hydrogen in a large quantity. This is called proton proton bicycle. 99 percent of the energy generated by the sun is made of this action. After which the action in which in which helium's three nuclei are merged and turned into carbon, it is not possible to process that process in the sun. However, about 0.8 percent of the Sun's total energy comes from the CNO bicycle, in which some heavy elements are fused with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen proton.
But when a star arrives in its final time, its core starts to pores and the temperature begins to grow. While its surface is spreading. This thing depends on the mass of the star whether it will end up being a supernova or not. Sun supernova will not be able to explode. Its core will turn into helium and then in carbon and in addition the nitrogen, oxygen etc. will also be formed in its core.
Remnants of Supernova__source
The stars that are multiplied by the mass of the sun, their core turns into iron at the end. Elements after the iron can not be formed in the center of the stars, they need more energy to form. These energy is produced in a supernova explosion. Heavy elements can be made only during a supernova and by this explosion these elements are thrown away in remote space. From that on, these elements reach the planet like the Earth. The action of their formation is very fast, and very heavy stars can make a good enough supernova explosion.
Apart from this, there is another method of forming a heavy element, in this method, the neutron comes on the surface of any neutron, and till then and the neutrons keep adding to it as soon as the connection becomes permanent, Decay and a neutron is abandoned by the beta particle and turned into proton. This gives rise to the nucleus again. But this action is very slow. Even in this method, excessive amount of energy is required but at a slow rate and hence, some large wires from the ordinary also produce some quantity of heavy elements, but this quantity is very low. That is why there is very little amount of these elements in the universe. Most heavy elements are made in this way. The elements like silver, iodine, Zanane, iridium, platinum, gold, bismuth etc remain the same. This action will be done on the Sun more rapidly when it reaches the state of blood donation.
"So in this way all of us were born in the core of stars. As Scientist Carl Segan said. "
References for Text and Images:
- https://www.livescience.com/37206-atom-definition.html
- http://humanprogress.net/en/content/evolution-cosmos-earth-and-life
- https://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/nucleo.html
- http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/S/supernovaremnant.html
- https://futurism.com/cosmology-the-timeline-of-everything-we-know/
- https://www.universetoday.com/123701/timeline-of-the-universe-from-the-big-bang-to-the-death-of-our-sun/
- http://www.pbs.org/deepspace/timeline/
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