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Kaspar David Fridrikh (nem. Caspar David Friedrich) rodilsya 5 sentyabrya 1774 g. v Greyfsval'de v sem'ye mylovara. V molodosti lishilsya bol'shinstva rodstvennikov — v 1781 godu umerla mat' khudozhnika, zatem skonchalis' yego dve sestry i brat. V 1790 godu poluchil pervyye uroki risovaniya. S 1794 po 1798 god uchilsya izobrazitel'nomu iskusstvu v Akademii khudozhestv v Kopengagene. Rabotal isklyuchitel'no v tekhnike risunka (preimushchestvenno shtiftom ili sepiyey), zatem obratilsya i k maslyanoy zhivopisi. V 1810 godu k zhivopistsu prishol publichnyy uspekh. Kaspar David Fridrikh printsipial'no ne podpisyval svoikh rabot i ne datiroval ikh: on schital sebya lish' soavtorom vechnoy Prirody.
S 1824 goda byl professorom drezdenskoy Akademii khudozhestv. Ostavil aforizmy i nablyudeniya ob iskusstve, podcherkivayushchiye neobkhodimost' sochetaniya vernosti "dushe prirody" s vnutrenney dukhovnoy intuitsiyey, kotoruyu schital "bozhestvennym glagolom" v serdtse.
V 1835 godu khudozhnika razbil paralich, i s tekh por on bol'she ne rabotal maslyanymi kraskami, ogranichivayas' nebol'shimi risunkami sepiyey. Kaspar David Fridrikh konchil svoi dni v nishchete, neschastnym i odinokim, razbitym paralichom chelovekom.
Caspar David Friedrich (German Caspar David Friedrich) was born September 5, 1774 in Greifswald in the family of soap. In his youth he lost most of his relatives - in 1781 the artist's mother died, then his two sisters and brother died. In 1790 he received his first drawing lessons. From 1794 to 1798 he studied fine arts at the Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen. He worked exclusively in the technique of drawing (mostly with a pin or sepia), then turned to oil painting. In 1810, the painter came to public success. Caspar David Fridrih did not sign his works in principle and did not date them: he considered himself only a co-author of the eternal Nature.
Since 1824, he was a professor at the Dresden Academy of Arts. He left aphorisms and observations about art, emphasizing the need for a combination of loyalty to the "soul of nature" with inner spiritual intuition, which he considered a "divine verb" in the heart.
In 1835, the artist broke a paralysis, and since then he no longer worked with oil paints, confining himself to small sepia drawings. Caspar David Friedrich ended his days in poverty, unhappy and lonely, paralyzed by a man.