Epistemic Privilege and Victims’ Duties to Resist their Oppression
Three points to note. These are two modes of oppression rather than two different orders. Thus, Torture is not necessarily more grave or vicious than Manterrupting; its harms are only more easily ascertained. Second, these two modes of oppression are not binary opposites but are two ends of a spectrum. Oppression is a condition or state of being in the world, and the spectrum from persecution to structural injustice tracks the different agents and institutions that produce this condition and with what degree of intentionality and culpability, and moral determinacy. Many cases of injustice occupy the space in-between. And third, these two modes are not mutually exclusive. Persecution and structural injustice often reinforce one another and victims are often subject to both modes of oppression.
Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/japp.12255