Socialisation can be defined as the total act of learning, it covers everything that has to do with learning, whether you are leaving a good or bad thing as long as you acquire knowledge or skill you are socialize. The main stages of socialisation are the primary or childhood stage of socialisation and the secondary or adult stage of socialisation.
• The primary or childhood stage of socialisation : this lays the foundation on which the secondary stage stands, it is at the primary stage that the child acquires moral behavior habits, value and attitude of the society he/she is born into.
• The secondary or adult stage of socialisation : this start from were the primary stage stops, it take place in schools, church, playground, mosque i.e out side the home, people are not properly socialise during the period of childhood, primary socialisation find secondary or adult socialisation different. They are needed to be resocialise in order to fit in properly into a society.
Resocialisation is the process where by a person who has not been properly socialise will be socialise all over again in the right sense. Example of resocialisation out fit are the childhood adulterer center, the home for childhood for adults who are not properly socialise.
Process of resocialisation
• Direct learning : It is the process of socialisation that involves the passing instructions through, parents, workshop instruction. it is the face the face use if language or sign, symbols to guild of learner action and behavior, it is rewarded is the learner is following and punished if he is not following.
• Incidental learning : is also known as arus learning, it involves learning without planning to learn in the case, there is conscious teaching or learning plan, for example children growing up in homes where people use bad language like fuck you soon pick up the word fuck you without actually being thought to use it by anybody.
• Role learning : This is the process where by a person learns how to function, play or out role or the part of the position or office he occupies.
• Learn from model : A model when is anyone whom a person admires so much that he/she want to be with him, children and even adults learn a lot of things from people they call their role models it heroes. For example children tend to copy and imitate their parent ways of talking, wearing and even dressing .
Agent of socialisation
• The family : the family is most important by the family we are referring to the child's parents and sisters as well as other close relatives who in most cases live with the child in the same home.
Within the first years of life, the member of immediate family are the people the child comes in contact with its form from the family the child gets the initial knowledge of culture (Language, religion, music, touchable, behavioural patten etc) the family teaches duties like washing of plates, sweeping of the house and running errands.
The schools the school as an agent of socialisation starts from where the family stops,it is a place where knowledge ,skills and good behavioural patten are acquired from the age of three to five, the child is sent to school to continue the process of socialisation, here teacher, his school mates and peer group as well as his age mate in school help to socialize him apart from the acquisition of skill and knowledge from teachers in the school ,the class mate ,peer, payment play an important role in the socialisation of the child, the child or any person in the school does not only learn from the teachers ,they also learn from their friends, classmate and peer groups
The peer/age group : A person peer or age group includes his friends, school mates, as well as colleagues apart from the family, school mass media, religious groups etc, the child learns a lot of things from his friends and age mates.
