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Different movements have arisen in the history of humanity, but undoubtedly one of the most influential and that generated more changes and advances was the Renaissance. It took place in almost the entire European continent, and spread between the 15th century and the end of the 16th century. No wonder the name, an era that sought to renew and research knowledge, paradigms, and not only in the sectors of science but also in Art. It was a period of transition between the Middle Ages and the Modern Age, which began in the city of Florence, Italy. It is the fruit of the diffusion of ideas of humanism.
With this period a new way of understanding art was installed. They were no longer controlled by the guilds, and the figure of genius artists began to appear, so they were no longer anonymous. They have fame and are recognized, as well as the "master's workshop", where those who want to be artists are controlled and clients are taken care of. The bourgeoisie, the Church and the Monarchy protect the artists because they realize the value and propaganda they can generate with them.
Art tries to become aware of the individual, who is studied both physically and psychologically. To know is to respect knowledge and the study of anatomy, where the conception of man was the most important, without going any further, the center of the world. Moreover, geniuses not only dominate painting but also many areas of knowledge, where the artist is also an inventor and scientist. Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Donatello, Sandro Botticelli and Raphael, among others, left us an inspiring legacy.
In Sculpture
Here an important effort is made to develop the classical vision, humanism managed to find inspiration. It was so much the development of sculpture that it expanded from Florence to Flanders and Rome, but always respecting the fine proportions and perspective. The portraits, busts, mythological and religious themes were the most realized. And once again the study of anatomy led the great sculptors to make perfect nudes. They were very realistic and human, despite the fact that many times it was gods or gods who were portrayed. The main materials were marble and bronze.
In Painting
It was characterized by naturalism and perspective, where in Flanders lived the greatest advances, such as discovering the technique of oil. Classicism, the study of expression, light and chiaroscuro are the predominant elements, and the supports are from fabrics to enormous walls, boards and ceilings. Especially admirable and important are Leonardo Da Vinci's La Gioconda and La última cena, Rafael Sanzio's Athens school, and Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel.
The appearance of the Renaissance was very important for our humanity because in those times they were forced to think, rethink, experiment and explore everything they already knew and wanted to know, seek new answers to the infinite questions that surrounded the world and the human being. It escapes from ancient and medieval customs, as new ways of making art, economy, politics are found, other intellectuals and artists undertake that marked a before and an after. New thoughts arise that put the human being on another threshold, far from the backward thought in which they were immersed. It was literally an explosion where great thinkers, philosophers, scientists, artists, explorers who wanted to soak up knowledge and new directions appeared. They changed theories such as the one that said that the earth was flat, the human body was really known, there were inventions typical of modern times, art had a revolution, and modern science began there the important starting point that remains to this day.
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