It is known that when bees bite other beings, the needle remains in the skin of the object, which separates the bowels of the bee, leading to its death. Is this accurate and why the evolution of bees in such a way that leads to death after sting and why the bee takes this decision, which leads to death?
To answer these questions, several important axes should be clarified for this research. First, the idea of genetic investment must be clarified and how reproductive strategies evolve in nature.
Genetic investment is the percentage of investment that parents make from their genes in the success of reproduction. For example, you are a genetic investment for your parents who invested about 50% of their genes for your production. Of course, these percentages are approximate percentages to illustrate the idea and vary in reality.
The only direct cause of my existence today and my ability to write this article is due to the programming of my genes to multiply. My ancestors, hundreds of millions of years ago, are practicing reproduction until I have a smooth day.
I am also in my league doing all I can to spread my nuclear DNA to the next generation but this process is not limited to sexual reproduction exclusively. Of course, direct sexual exercise ensures that 50% of my DNA is kept, but I also contribute to spreading my genes by helping my brother spread his genes, helping to spread my genes by helping my cousins and helping to spread my genes by taking care of my grandchildren and all of my family. As long as my family succeeds in passing through generations, a good proportion of my genes pass through the generations through them and if we bring together members of my family as a whole, we can find that genetic investment can reach up to 600% of my original genes.
Family bonding is an instinctive link in which each individual contributes to the propagation of his genes by helping his relatives. This means that when your brother helps you, he does this to help spread his genes and when you help your cousins you also contribute to the spread of your genes. Thus, the rate of genetic investment decreases until we reach other types of bacteria, for example. This means that our empathy for the living is the result of our desire to help them spread their genes, which may be similar to our genes, although the similarities are few in comparison to our human relatives and acquaintances.
But what does this all have to do with the question?
Understanding the genetic investment of organisms explains their reproductive strategies. Reproduction in bees differs greatly from mammalian reproduction, resulting in different survival strategies and actions that may seem to us to be sacrificial or suicidal because our perspective on behavior from our concept of reproduction differs when we understand other animal strategies.
The male bees vaccinate the female only once in his life and keeps the female with all the necessary stock of sperm to make the reproductive process successful throughout her life.
Here you have to check a bit because the idea may become somewhat complex. The male who has a female mastectomy has exactly identical sperm (no variation or genetic variation). I will explain why after a while but this means that all the children who will be born because of vaccination will be very high matched because the mother chromosomes and the corresponding father chromosomes are what will form the offspring.
Now we have a female vaccinated with a large stock of identical sperm. Female bees control when their eggs are vaccinated with these stored sperm. If unmarried eggs are produced, they produce males (if the male who will fertilize females in the future has identical animals because they produce a female egg that is not vaccinated "100% of the mother's genes"). If the female vaccinates her eggs with stored sperm, they will produce eggs that produce females and these females will be genetically similar because they are sperm cells identical to their mother's relatively close relative DNA.
For fear of the complexity of this axis more than that, the basic idea here that the process of reproduction of bees depends on the queen, which in turn regulates the process of reproduction within the cell. Ensuring continuity of birth for each member of the cell does not depend on his own safety but on the safety of the queen and her ability to continue laying eggs. The sons of the queen (males or females) are unable to reproduce and depend entirely on the queen for continued breeding.
Over time, a female becomes queen (because of the quality of the food you eat) but she leaves the cell in search of a male to fertilize her to start a new cell alone. This means that if I were a bee, my only means of survival and reproduction would be to ensure the safety of the cell in general and the queen in particular. My future children are the result of one of the cell's females being vaccinated after being left by another male, so my personal safety is not important for the continuation of my family.
This idea directly affects how the bee deals with the risks that may cause its offspring to stop.
We defend our children because they are the guarantors of the future of our descendants, but in the case of bees, everyone is defending the whole cell because the continuation of his offspring depends on the survival of the cell and not his personal safety. Because bees can reproduce only through the queen, the death of any cell member is not a problem for this individual as long as the cell is fine unlike the case of mammals where they must take care of their children until they reach the stage of reproduction.
Well, now I can put the second axis of the answer, which is the reason why bees develop so that they die when they bite. In fact, there is a problem in presenting the idea here if the bees did not develop to die after sting, but the process of sting did not develop against mammals and harsh skin, but against other insects. This means that the bee can bite the other insects several times without dying, but that the skin of the human and other mammals harsh, which leads to the uprooting of the bee-related intestines after sting. The reason for the continuation of the phenomenon of death after sting and non-extinction bees or natural selection is due to the strategy of reproductive bees since the death of individuals does not affect the genetic future of individuals as long as the queen is okay.
If the bee when stung man is not intended to carry out a suicide operation, but the result of the evolution of its defense against other insects does not help in the bite of hard-skinned human beings, but because of its reproductive strategy, the death does not affect the continuation of her offspring and thus there is no evolutionary pressure to replace this feature.
I have no evidence but it is possible to assume that the evolution of human skin in this way is a type of arms race in nature, since man was largely dependent on the theft of honey and the development of skin resisting bee sting is a useful feature to the degree of survival priority for people who have skin Less thickness (just assumption). Genetic sequencing explains why bees do not deter or extinct although it is observed that other bees die after sting the objects with thick skin. The Bee's goal is to defend the cell and not to defend itself in order to sustain its offspring through generations.
Bees do not initiate sting unless they feel the danger facing the cell. The process of sting produces a chemical signal for all bees near the place with a danger and that everyone should contribute to the defense of the cell.
In normal cases bees can sting without dying, so when a decision is taken to attack a mammal, for example, this decision is not a suicide decision, but a defensive decision resulting in the death of bees as a result of thickening of the skin. But because some human beings have the problem of human centralization, it is common to assume that bees die when they bite. The bees die because of the thickness of the human skin but it can bite other beings several times without dying.
Information:
The label "Queen of the Bee" is an inaccurate label that does not describe the work of this bee?
Queen has one goal in life is to put and take care of eggs while protected by cell members and prevent movement to continue to reproduce. In practice, the queen is the captive cell and is the only one unable to move because she must continue to produce and incubate the eggs.
If the incubator begins to fail to produce eggs, the cell will put a new queen and then kill the old ones