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Islamic Scientist - MUHAMMAD BIN MUSA AL-KHAWARIZMI
Muhammad bin Mūsā al-Khawārizmī is a mathematician, astronomer, astrology, and geographer from Persia. Born around 780 in Khwārizm (now Khiva, Uzbekistan) and died about 850 in Baghdad. For most of his life, he worked as a lecturer at the Honorary School in Baghdad
His first book, al-Jabar, is the first book to discuss systematic solutions of linear and quadratic notation. So he is referred to as Mr. Algebra. The Latin translation of his Arithmetic, which introduced the Indian numerals, was then introduced as the Decimal Declining Numbering System in the Western world in the 12th century. He revised and adapted the Ptolemaic Geography as well as working on writings on astronomy and astrology.
His contribution not only had a major impact on mathematics, but also in language. The word Algebra derives from al-Jabr, one of two operations in mathematics to complete the quadratic notation, which is contained in his book. The word logarism and logarithm is taken from the word Algorismi, the Latinization of his name. His name is also absorbed in Spanish Guarismo and in Portuguese, Algarismo which means digit.
Biography
Little can be known from his life, even the location of the birthplace though. His name may have come from Khwarizm (Khiva) residing in Khurasan Province during the reign of the Abbasids (now Xorazm, one of Uzbekistan's provinces). His title is Abū 'Abdu llāh or Abū Ja'far.
The historian al-Tabari named him Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwārizmī al-Majousi al-Katarbali. The name al-Qutrubbulli indicated he was from Qutrubbull, a small town near Baghdad.
In Kitāb al-Fihrist Ibn al-Nadim, we find his brief history, together with his writings. Al-Khawarizmi occupied almost all of his work between 813-833. after Islam entered Persia, Baghdad became a center of science and commerce, and many traders and scientists from China and India ventured into this city, which he also did. He worked in Baghdad at the School of Honor founded by Caliph Bani Abbasid Al-Ma'mun, where he studied natural sciences and mathematics, including studying translations of Sanskrit and Greek manuscripts.