Today we are living in a world where anonymity and privacy are widely open to everybody
Definitions
Privacy - nobody seeing what are you doing, for example, if you send your friend an encrypted mail you'll be the only one who can see it but people will see you sent a mail.
Anonymity - nobody knowing who you are, but potentially seeing what you do. It's keeping your actions separate from your actual identity. Not attribution to your actions, to be nameless, to be faceless. For example, you can send a message via Thor about woman rights without revealing your true identity in a country where it's forbidden.
Pseudonymity - When you having an alias for social media using pictures for posting online, your adversaries may not know who is behind the post but may attribute it to the alias. A good example is Satoshi Nakamoto the creator of Bitcoin.
Today Threats
All the social media, Google, Microsoft, FB, authorities, hackers, computers builder are stealing your private information. You can watch Snowden movie to have a better understanding of this article.
One major issue with Bitcoin and some cryptocurrencies that authorities can track you down, with the help of some Machine learning and your wallet number they can know all the transactions you have done, from which countries are you from etc, not wonder if one day the IRS will knock on your door demanding the income taxes.
Not far ago Coinbase revealed 15,000 users account to the IRS.
For your information security, privacy and anonymity can be sometimes contradictional to each other. You can't have all at the same level.
For example, the Verge slogan is:"Verge is a secure and anonymous cryptocurrency, built with a focus on privacy"
There is a big difference between the two.
