End users are the source of data production. They definitely have the highest right to own the data they created. However, user personal privacy data is always stolen, sold, and used in an illegal industrial chain. Users are not able to trace their own data usage status and protect their own data. It is a little bit ridiculous that the user’s data does not belong to him/her. Users cannot obtain any corresponding returns from their own data in the data circulation. On the other hand, all the business value of the data is usually owned by APP Owners. The data producer（APP user）could not be allocated any value. Therefore, there is an inevitable trend of technological development when it comes to data security and equity division.
1、AAA — — Massive DApps and Open Data Sharing platform
AAAChain has a huge amount of data, users and customer resource, making it different from other competitors. AAAChain has five objectives as follows:
- Creating a decentralized open data trading platform.
- Establishing a self-government organization alliance as the core data provider based on massive vertical scenes.
- Using the trusted and reliable data flow.
- Transforming the production relationship and trust relationship of the big data industry based on blockchain technology.
- Building a new big data and win-win ecological community.
By using a unified user digital identity, AAAChain platform generates a set of asymmetrically public keys and private keys for each user. The private key can only be accessed by private users. The user personal data will be written according to the public key signature. Only the user who has the private key can view the original data, and the private key stands for the unique control right of the relevant data. The data service providers need to install SDK, the data also need to get the signature before being written into distributed storage. The data could be indexed according to the index rules, and then stored in the blockchain for search and query.
The contents of the user data, which cannot be read by a third party, are encrypted and stored by the data provider — — Normally is the related APP. During a transaction, a data purchase request contains the buyer’s public key, and a data provider needs to decrypt the encrypted data into clear text, and then uses the buyer’s public key to encrypt the data by the buyer’s public key. After that, as the result executed by smart contract, the encrypted data will be returned to the buyer. The data buyer will decrypt the data with its own private key, and finally obtains the data.
The open data platform has a set of user privacy credit system that allows users to give a one-time credit for certain data based on the credit data transaction without applying for user authorization each time. The user will automatically receive the AAAToken as a reward after the transaction process is successfully completed.
In May 2018, the virtual machine“toolchain” used to support contract has been implemented. The project code has also been open sourced on Github. The next step is to start coding for the on-chain data. The project has progressed smoothly. The strategic partner of AAAChain is Easemob.com. The founder and CEO of Easemob.com Junyan Liu is a strategic consultant of AAAChain. With more than 100,000 registered APP and 50 million daily activators and billions of activated devices, Easemob.com will help AAAChain to combine a large amount of data resources by using its Paas platform. It should be a difficult task for other projects.End users are the source of data production. They definitely have the highest right to own the data they created. However, user personal privacy data is always stolen, sold, and used in an illegal industrial chain. Users are not able to trace their own data usage status and protect their own data. It is a little bit ridiculous that the user’s data does not belong to him/her. Users cannot obtain any corresponding returns from their own data in the data circulation. On the other hand, all the business value of the data is usually owned by APP Owners. The data producer（APP user）could not be allocated any value. Therefore, there is an inevitable trend of technological development when it comes to data security and equity division.
1、AAA — — Massive DApps and Open Data Sharing platform
AAAChain has a huge amount of data, users and customer resource, making it different from other competitors. AAAChain has five objectives as follows: - Creating a decentralized open data trading platform.
- Establishing a self-government organization alliance as the core data provider based on massive vertical scenes.
- Using the trusted and reliable data flow.
- Transforming the production relationship and trust relationship of the big data industry based on blockchain technology.
- Building a new big data and win-win ecological community.
By using a unified user digital identity, AAAChain platform generates a set of asymmetrically public keys and private keys for each user. The private key can only be accessed by private users. The user personal data will be written according to the public key signature. Only the user who has the private key can view the original data, and the private key stands for the unique control right of the relevant data. The data service providers need to install SDK, the data also need to get the signature before being written into distributed storage. The data could be indexed according to the index rules, and then stored in the blockchain for search and query.
The contents of the user data, which cannot be read by a third party, are encrypted and stored by the data provider — — Normally is the related APP. During a transaction, a data purchase request contains the buyer’s public key, and a data provider needs to decrypt the encrypted data into clear text, and then uses the buyer’s public key to encrypt the data by the buyer’s public key. After that, as the result executed by smart contract, the encrypted data will be returned to the buyer. The data buyer will decrypt the data with its own private key, and finally obtains the data.
The open data platform has a set of user privacy credit system that allows users to give a one-time credit for certain data based on the credit data transaction without applying for user authorization each time. The user will automatically receive the AAAToken as a reward after the transaction process is successfully completed.
In May 2018, the virtual machine“toolchain” used to support contract has been implemented. The project code has also been open sourced on Github. The next step is to start coding for the on-chain data. The project has progressed smoothly. The strategic partner of AAAChain is Easemob.com. The founder and CEO of Easemob.com Junyan Liu is a strategic consultant of AAAChain. With more than 100,000 registered APP and 50 million daily activators and billions of activated devices, Easemob.com will help AAAChain to combine a large amount of data resources by using its Paas platform. It should be a difficult task for other projects.
For a big data platform, the core resource is data. There is no doubt that AAAChain project has this core resource. In general, the goal of AAAChain is to introduce blockchain and cryptography-related technologies, then design and build a public blockchain. By using smart contracts, distributed databases and other technologies, AAAChain open data sharing platform can access large amounts of DApps and massive data. The entire function is suitable for a big data blockchain platform.
2、DATA（Streamr） — — IoT Data Trading Platform
Streamr provides a complete system to create applications that enable real-time data flow without writing code. In the Streamer network, users can use and sell their own data as they wish. Moreover, users can also access data through a distributed peer-to-peer network controlled by anyone and rewarded by Token.
For example, in order to have optimal operation, a self-driving electric car needs data from other devices, such as traffic congestion information from other vehicles, electricity prices at nearby charging stations, and weather forecasts information, and so on. Streamer provides API for real-time data transfer and payment, allowing data streams to be traded using DATAcoin Token. The car can autonomously achieve the required data and pay for it. In turn, cars can also sell the data they generate, such as traffic data, the traffic measurements in smart cities, advertisers’ locations information, as well as battery levels. As a result, the data flow economy was born.
Currently, the driving data is collected by a central platform like Baidu Map, then providing to users. The Streamr platform actually gives ownership of data to everyone who generates data, allowing data owners to freely conduct data transactions for economic benefits.
3、Bluzelle — — Structured Data Storage Management
Bluzelle achieves its high performance by storing data in a clustering model of packet nodes. Sliding data is shared among the nodes in the cluster, and the consensus is reached through its special algorithm. Another advantage of Bluzelle’s sliding and clustering technology is that it can solve the expansion problem of many database systems. The data distributed in the cluster is able to be easily reactive expansion without activating additional servers preemptively. Bluzelle allows user to frequently request data around the location, or concurrently retrieve data to increase the speed of data process, or store important data fields separately to obtain higher performance standards.
As a decentralized, customer-based, scalable data service, Bluzelle is designed to support the DApps. In order to ensure the highest level of performance, reliability and scalability, Bluzelle has deployed the clustering technology. A cluster is a large group of nodes (computers) that can collectively store and manage data. Some nodes in these groups may stop running, but new nodes can appear with minimal impact on the network. In general, Bluzelle is a larger cluster composed of multiple clusters and is positioned in the structured data storage service for the blockchain industry.
4、Dent — — Mobile Data Exchange Platform
The Dent platform is a smart contract system based on Ethereum’s blockchain technology. Users can quickly and securely conduct transactions on this platform. The Dent Token, like a bridge, is able to connect the global telecommunication users and telecommunication service operators. The Dent platform aims to share the global mobile data resource and it also hope to eliminate the additional cost, such as roaming charges. Moreover, Dent can automatically select the most cost-effective traffic purchase program for users based on the actual data usage.
Dent would like to establish an exchange to trade the mobile data in order to reform the entire mobile operator industry. Its vision is to create a global exchange through the Ethereum blockchain, allowing people all over the world to trade mobile broadband, just like trading foreign currency in FOREX.
However, after ICO in July 2017, the project has not made much progress. Furthermore, the size of the mobile data exchange market seems not too huge.