Throughout human history there have been important inventions that have changed history, which if not discovered could be our present totally different. HERE 10 inventions that changed history.
1-THE INTERNET: began to take shape in the sixties, and its year of appearance in 1983 can be considered.
At the beginning of the seventies, it was the army of the United States of America who began to develop it in order to connect the computers with which they were equipping their different centers in a network.
It is currently the means by which millions of users around the world communicate and obtain information of all kinds.
2-THE WHEEL: It is believed that his discovery was first made in Mesopotamia, thanks to some potters and to this day is believed to be one of the fundamental inventions in the history of mankind.
The wheel, surely, deserves a place of honor in any list of Great Inventions. An industrialized civilization is inconceivable without it. His invention was perhaps inevitable, but it took a long time to appear next to the human being.
3-THE POWDER: Created in the tenth century, was used to propel the projectiles of weapons. Nowadays it is used for fireworks.
Gunpowder, the first known explosive, was discovered by chance in China around the ninth century. His discovery seems to be the result of the research of an alchemist who, in his search for the elixir of eternal youth, accidentally gave with the formula of the explosive. In fact the first references to gunpowder are found in hermetic texts warning of the dangers of mixing certain substances. In the tenth century it was already used for military purposes in the form of rockets and explosive bombs launched from catapults. It is known that already in the year 1126 cannons made of bamboo tubes were used to launch projectiles at the enemy. Later those tubes would be replaced by others of more resistant metal; the oldest one that is known of dates from1290. From China the military use of gunpowder passed to Japan and Europe.
It has the following proportion: 75% potassium nitrate, 15% carbon and 10% sulfur.
4-PAPER: This product is among the 10 inventions that changed history, but in reality its importance skyrocketed after the appearance of other later inventions. The Chinese invented a process to manufacture paper in the year 105 a. of C., and it has already helped, but when Gutenberg invented his printing press for movable types, paper became more important
For five centuries, books were the main method of knowledge transmission. That communication was crucial in the expansion of culture and technology. And without paper there are no books. Neither papyrus nor parchment ever achieved the efficiency and ease of paper use, nor its versatility.
5-THE ATOMIC BOMB: On August 6, 1945, the world would know it thanks to its destructive power, when the United States launched it on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
The atomic bomb is a device that obtains enormous energy from nuclear reactions. Its operation is based on provoking an uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction. It is among the so-called weapons of mass destruction and its explosion produces a characteristic mushroom-shaped cloud. The atomic bomb was originally created by the United States. The first atomic bomb On July 16, 1945, at 5:30 am, an explosion was made about 90 km from the air force base in Alamogordo, New Mexico, of the first Trinity bomb test of a bomb atomic fission, also called bomb A. The bomb was plutonium, with a force equivalent to 30,000 tons of TNT (trinitrotoluene). Plutonium bomb For the plutonium weapon, implosive type and more complicated design, the fissionable mass of conventional explosives specially designed to compress plutonium is surrounded, so that a ball of plutonium the size of a tennis ball is reduced almost instantaneously to a volume of 2 to 4, or even 5, times smaller, increasing in the same proportion the density of the material Uranium bomb In this case, a mass of uranium called subcritical is added an amount of the same chemical element to get a critical mass that begins to fissure by itself. At the same time are added other elements that enhance (give more strength) the creation of free neutrons that accelerate the chain reaction, causing the destruction of an area determined by the shock wave triggered by the release of neutrons. Nuclear fission bombs Its operation is based on the excision of a heavy nucleus in lighter elements through the bombardment of neutrons that, upon impacting on said material, provoke a nuclear chain reaction. For this to happen you need to use fissile cores.
6-ENGINES: In this section I include both steam and internal combustion machines. They are not the same, I know, but they have the same purpose, and the only thing that differentiates them is their efficiency. First, with the steam engines we were able to build railroads, we got further and faster. Then came the ships, with the same improvements.
The internal combustion engine got the same as the steam engine, but with more power and less danger. The size of the engines was reduced with the gasoline engine, and motorcycles and cars, and airplanes could appear. No one can deny that the latter have not changed our history.
And not only that, the invention of the engines was crucial in the birth of the factories, of the Industrial Revolution. As I said before, one of the periods that have defined our world. Nowadays, electric motors are finding their place in our world. In fact, in a very short time they will be in practically all our vehicles. IF God gives me life, I will see how electric motors also change history.
7-AUTOMOBILE: The automobile, as it is known today, first appeared in 1886.
This first car was created by Karl Benz and shortly afterwards other pioneers presented their models until in 1910 Henry Ford began to produce them on the assembly line.
Allow to travel distances in the shortest possible time by land means.
Through the entry of fuel into the engine a series of reactions that trigger the start-up of the engine and the car are triggered.
8-THE PRINTING PRESS: The printing press is a mechanical method designed to reproduce texts and images on paper, fabric or other materials.
In its classic form, it consists of applying an ink, generally oily, on metal pieces (types) to transfer it to paper by pressure.
Although it began as a craft method, its implementation brought with it a cultural revolution.
The printing press was invented by the Chinese. The problem of printing was not so much how to print, but to have cheap paper and in sufficient quantity.
The Romans already had stamps that printed inscriptions on clay objects.
Between 1048, Bì Sheng invented in China, - where there was already a type of rice paper -, the first printing system of mobile types, based on complex pieces of porcelain in which the Chinese characters were carved.
9-THE COMPASS: If to sail we need the sail, to know where we are going we need the compass. Another Chinese invention that required some adjustments and the appearance of other technologies to show its true usefulness. It does not help much if you do not know where you're going. The compass put us on the map, and it keeps us on the road.
Like some of these 10 other inventions, the compass is so important that we still use it. Yes, a competitor has come out, the GPS, but I think that in some cases, the compass will always be more practical.
10-ANESTHESIA: Anesthesia (from gr. Á¼ € ναισθησία, meaning "insensibility") is a controlled medical act in which the patient, induced by various drugs, enters a state of loss of pain sensitivity .
General anesthesia is characterized by providing hypnosis, amnesia, analgesia, muscle relaxation and reflections.
Despite the introduction of other inhalational anesthetics (ethene, trichloroethene, cyclopropane), ether remained the standard general anesthetic until the early 1960s.
Then it will be replaced by powerful and non-flammable inhalation agents, such as halothane, followed by enflurane, and later by isoflurane until, in the 1990s, sevoflurane and the most recent desflourane.
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