In today's circle block chain technology, Ethernet square and its intelligent contract theory very influential. The team led by Zhang Lei has developed a set of chain platform called the Beidou chain. However, it has not publicize the intelligent contract, but put forward the concept of intelligent engine. The main financial reporter to interview Zhang Lei.
Reporter: the ether square is currently a benchmark in the area of block chain technology, and many other block chains are vying for intelligent contracts.
Support, you and your Beidou chain put forward different solutions, what has given you the courage?
Zhang Lei: the real beginning of block chain is two years. For a industry, the time is very short. It shouldn't be too early to define a product or technology as an industry standard. From the perspective of IT technology development, from the operation system, compiling system to database system, these underlying technology platforms have been stabilized after many iterations of technology, and many early technological innovations have become martyrs. Therefore, in the early stage of the development of block chain technology, many solutions and technical routes should be allowed to coexist.
Reporter: what is your attitude to the ether Fang? Is the dipper chain regarded as a competitor?
Zhang Lei: actually, I like AI Tai Fang very much. I often use the Tai Fang purse. I also have reserves of Ethernet coins or the developers of the community in Itai Fang. The intelligent contract theory of AI Tai Fang is a milestone in the development of block chain. It makes our conceived "block chain programming" infinite possibility. The ether workshop is also the object of the study of our Beidou chain.
From the perspective of technology understanding, I believe that the virtual machine and intelligent contract practice of AI Tai Fang is not the best solution. At least, there are loopholes in the safety field. Turing complete is a double-edged sword, giving developers too much freedom and too many security risks.
Reporter: how do you understand the safety of the block chain? Do you think bitcoin is safe?
Zhang Lei: security is the most basic requirement of the block chain. The security of the block chain can be divided into two levels at least, one is data security and the security of the assets; and the two is the network security.
Bitcoin is a relatively closed system. Its bottom layer is protected by strict cryptography technology and is high in the security of data. Now the miners are becoming more and more powerful, "bifurcation" has become the main solution to the contradiction, so I compare the network security of special currency or worry.
Reporter: how does the Beidou chain solve the security problem?
Zhang Lei: we add a rule layer between the data layer below the block chain and the contract layer above. The Beidou chain is achieved by enhancing the rules to achieve security enhancement, which is achieved by intelligent engine.
The first engine is the basic engine, mainly including intelligent assets, authority control, transaction constraints, geographic information, real name authentication, streaming media transmission, and national secret algorithm.
The second engine is a trading engine. In order to deal with complex transactions, we abstract the different business scenarios of the enterprise and write the engine instead of the intelligent contract. The benefit of the trading engine is to meet the diversified needs of the enterprise and improve the security of the transaction. Find a balance between functionality and security. We think it is more suitable for the needs of the enterprise.
Reporter: the transaction engine and the intelligent contract all have the code, all are dealing with the transaction logic, what is the essential difference?
Zhang Lei: explain it vividly. Intelligent contracts are like free contracts. Both parties draw up contracts, and both sides rely on their own expertise to ensure the safety of the contract. The transaction engine is like a format contract, and the two parties fill in the information on a mature contract template, and the security of this contract is greatly improved. Many people seem to have a bias against the format contract. Actually, in our daily life, all kinds of assets and transaction contracts are standard contracts, such as house purchase contracts, vehicle sales contracts, stock trading contracts, insurance contracts, financial contracts, etc. The format contract is usually written by the government department or the industry organization. It is the crystallization of human intelligence and is a protection for both parties.
Reporter: according to your idea, we should abstract all the rules of the business into a trading engine. Should there be a lot of it?
Zhang Lei: first of all, the block chain does not meet all the needs of the enterprise, and there are many trading models that are not very suitable for the block chain. The trading rules that can be realized on the block chain are divided into groups.
The first is 1:1 transactions between individuals and individuals, such as ordinary transactions, atomic transactions, secured transactions, and so on.
The second is the transaction of 1:N or N:1 transactions between individual and multiplayer, such as public management, fund management, bidding, auction, voting and so on.
The third is the transaction of N:N between multi - and multi - person transactions, such as matching transactions, gambling, insurance, and so on.
Summed up, also on the more than 20 engine, enterprises, according to their own needs, to call a combination of one or more engines can meet the different transaction needs.
At present, the Beidou chain team has realized 3-5 transaction engines, and more engines need to develop communities and partners, together with the participation of customers.
Reporter: the last question, what do you think about the recent rise in the price of the special currency and the investment advice?
Zhang Lei: bitcoin has become the real currency of circulation no matter the attitude of the governments of the world and the circulation in the market.
在如今的区块链技术圈里，以太坊和它的智能合约理论如日中天。张蕾带领的团队研发出一套名为“北斗链”的底层区块链平台，却公开对外宣传不支持智能合约，而是提出一种智能引擎的概念。近期美恩财经记者对张蕾进行了专访。
记者：以太坊目前是区块链技术领域的标杆，很多其他的区块链都在争先承诺对智能合约的
支持，您和您的北斗链却提出不同的方案，是什么给了您勇气？
张蕾：区块链真正开始兴起是这两年的事情，对一个行业来说时间非常短，不该过早地把一个产品或一项技术定义为行业标准。从IT的技术发展史来看，从操作系统、编译系统到数据库系统，这些底层的技术平台都经过多次的技术迭代最终才稳定下来，而早期的很多技术创新都成了先烈。所以，在区块链技术发展的初期阶段，是应该允许多种解决方案和技术路线并存的。
记者：您对以太坊是什么态度? 北斗链把以太坊当成竞争对手吗？
张蕾：其实我个人非常喜欢以太坊，我经常使用以太坊钱包，我也有储备有以太币，还是以太坊社区活跃的开发者。以太坊的智能合约理论是区块链发展里程碑式的创新，它使我们设想的“区块链的可编程化”有了无限的可能性。以太坊也是我们北斗链学习的对象。
只是从技术理解上，我认为以太坊的虚拟机和智能合约的做法并不是最好的解决方案，至少在安全上，以太坊还是存在漏洞。图灵完备是一把双刃剑，给了开发人员太多的自由，也就带来太多的安全风险。
记者：你怎么理解区块链的安全呢？你认为比特币安全吗？
张蕾：安全是区块链的最基本要求。区块链的安全至少可以分为两个层次，一是数据安全和资产安全；二是网络安全。
比特币是一个相对封闭的系统，它的底层利用严格的加密学技术进行保护，在数据的安全性上是很高的。现在矿工的势力越来越大，“分叉”成了解决矛盾的主要方法，因此我对比特币的网络安全还是担忧的。
记者：北斗链是如何解决安全问题的呢？
张蕾：我们在区块链的下面的数据层和上面的合约层之间，增加了一个规则层，北斗链就是通过对规则的增强来达到安全的增强，具体是通过智能引擎实现的。
第一种引擎是基础引擎，主要包括智能资产、权限控制、交易约束、地理信息、实名认证、流媒体传输、国密算法等。
第二种引擎是交易引擎，为了处理复杂交易，我们把企业不同的交易场景进行抽象，写成引擎来代替智能合约。交易引擎的好处就是既要满足企业的多样化需求，又提高了交易的安全性。在功能性和安全性上找到一种平衡。我们认为它更适合企业的需求。
记者：交易引擎和智能合约都有代码，都是在处理交易逻辑，本质区别是什么呢？
张蕾：形象地解释一下。智能合约好比是自由合同，交易双方拟定合同，双方依靠自己的专业知识保证合同的安全。交易引擎好比是格式合同，交易双方在一个成熟的合同模板上填写信息，这种合同的安全性就大大提高。很多人对格式合同好像有偏见，事实上，我们在日常生活中接触到的各种资产交易类合同都是格式合同，比如购房合同、车辆销售合同、股票交易合同、保险合同、理财合同等。格式合同通常是政府主管部门或行业组织负责编写，是人类智慧的结晶，对交易双方都是一种保护。
记者：按照您的设想，把企业所有的交易规则抽象成交易引擎，应该有很多吧？
张蕾：首先明确一下，区块链并不能满足所有的企业需求，也有很多交易模型不太适合在区块链上实现。在区块链上可以实现的交易规则，我们又分组进行归纳。
第一种是个人和个人之间的交易1:1交易，比如普通交易、原子交易、担保交易等；
第二种是个人和多人之间的交易1：N交易或N:1交易，比如众筹管理、基金管理、招投标、拍卖、投票等；
第三种是多人和多人个之间的交易N:N交易，比如撮合交易、博彩、保险等。
归纳下来，也就20多个引擎，企业根据自身的需要，调用一个或多个引擎的组合就可以满足不同的交易需求。
目前，北斗链团队已经实现了3-5个交易引擎，后面更多引擎需要开发社区和合作伙伴，以及客户的参与下共同完成。
记者：最后一个问题，你对比特币近期价格的上涨有什么看法和投资建议？
张蕾：无论从世界各国政府的态度，还是市场上的流通情况，比特币已经成为事实上的世界流通货币了。比特币作为一个单纯的“一般等价物”已经得到了世界人民的认可比特币的发展并没有在国家的金融监控之下，很多实验数据并没有获取，用传统经济学理论用来解释比特币是不科学的，或者说，对比特币的理论研究跟不上比特币的实践。所以大家对比特币的看法不一。
关于比特币后期的价格走势不敢做投资建议，但是我个人的心理价位应该在（每个比特币）10万人民币以上。