A leafhopper is the common name for any species from the family Cicadellidae. These minute insects, colloquially known as hoppers, are plant feeders that suck plant sap from grass, shrubs, or trees. Their hind legs are modified for jumping, and are covered with hairs that facilitate the spreading of a secretion over their bodies that acts as a water repellent and carrier of pheromones. They undergo a partial metamorphosis, and have various host associations, varying from very generalized to very specific. Some species have a cosmopolitan distribution, or occur throughout the temperate and tropical regions. Some are pests or vectors of plant viruses and phytoplasmas. The family is distributed all over the world, and constitutes the second-largest hemipteran family, with at least 20,000 described species.
They belong to a lineage traditionally treated as infraorder Cicadomorpha in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, but as the latter taxon is probably not monophyletic, many modern authors prefer to abolish the Auchenorrhyncha and elevate the cicadomorphs to a suborder Clypeorrhyncha. Members of the tribe Proconiini of the subfamily Cicadellinae are commonly known as sharpshooters.
Hoppers is an agile insect that can move just as easily forward, backward, or sideways as a crab. Movements such as crabs differentiate wagons from most other insects. In addition, they can jump to avoid danger or move to another host plant.
Damage to feed of some species causes small white spots (stippling) to appear on the upper leaf surface, usually starting near the leaf midrib.
The folded area can blend into larger whitish spots on the adult leaf. With some plants, the damage to the feed causes drying and yellowish (or brown) of leaf margins, and possibly all of its leaves. Some species of aphis leaves cause curly or terminal leaf stunting with its administration. Another sign of feeding is the presence of small spots like varnish on the underside of leaves. Also, check under the leaves for white skin, the skin of the leather that is still left from the molting process.
Lacebug is another insect that causes feeding and leaves droplets of ink like a dark varnish at the bottom of the leaves. Differentiating lacebugs from leafhoppers is very easy:
Lacebugs have a frilly pattern on their upper sides, they do not jump or run to the side, and they are about half as wide as the length. Other pests that can cause criminals are spider mites. Check under the leaves for wicker left by spider mites (leafhoppers do not leave woven).
this type of leafhoppers is divided into several species and various color patterns, aphis is also a pest for farmers. usually farmers use pest conquerors by using microorganisms and fungi that become enemies such pests such as Beauvaria sp effective for brown planthopper pests and broodstock, Corynebacterium to overcome crackle disease.
While vegetable pesticides are pesticides that can be made with the materials that exist around us, easy to get and affordable prices such as berenuk berries, tubers, gadung poison, ginger, galangal, sambiloto, neem, and many more. With the use of biological agents and vegetable pesticides in addition to low-cost farming, we also do not pollute land and air, ordering us to pass on the things that are good for our next generation.
the life of the planthopper rides in the debris of plants or areas that are not cultivated adjacent to the garden. At the end of spring, females store 1-6 eggs daily in the stems and larger leaf blood vessels. Hatching occurs in 6-9 days, and young nymphs are damaged 5 times before adulthood. White plastered leather shed by nymph molting is often found on the undersides of damaged leaves. Period from egg to adult about three weeks. Overlapping generations can be completed during the growing season.
