Traditional agriculture and modern agriculture.
He said to them: "The sower went out to sow. 4 When he sowed, a part of the seeds fell by the road, and the birds came and ate it. 5 Another part fell among the stones, where there was not much earth, and soon it sprang up, because the ground was not deep; 6 But as soon as the sun came up, it burned and dried up, because it had no root. 7 Some fell among the thorns, but the thorns grew up and choked it. 8 But some fell on good ground, and yielded a harvest of one hundred, sixty, and even thirty seeds for one. 9 He who has ears to hear, let him hear. "(Matthew 13: 4-9)
The world population has increased remarkably during recent periods and as a result the demand for food has also increased. Technology advances rapidly in all sectors, so the agricultural industry was not going to be less, suffering an important evolution between traditional and modern activity.
The traditional agriculture
The farmer who works must be the first to receive his share of the fruits. (2 Timothy 2: 6)
This activity is the oldest in the world, is based on knowledge and indigenous practices, its purpose has always been to survive. This technique was characterized by the lack of technology and technology. So that their production was scarce and limited for the own consumption of the farmer and his family.
The basic tools of this work, are still used as the escardilla, the shovel, machete or rake; in minor activities, except in extraordinary situations where the farmer owned a tractor. Even so, its performance was not used to its full potential.
characteristics:
- Practiced in small properties using rudimentary, ancient craft techniques.
- Its main objective is subsistence or self-consumption.
- Requires labor and in some cases be driven by tracts such as the use of animals.
- It was used by several cultures.
- Productivity and low performance.
- You need a control and be permanently busy.
- High percentage of agricultural population.
- Basic technical knowledge to be able to maintain it.
Traditional cultivation techniques
. Sowing in rows spaced 0.70 to 1 meter.
. 80,000 to 120,000 plants / hectares.
. Sowing, cultivation, treatments, harvests; all by furrows or rows.
. Larger crops, with longer and less determined cycles.
. Lan regulation of growth and flowering are used exceptionally.
Modern agriculture
In contrast to the prior art, modern agriculture is characterized by the use of technology. Saving economic and temporary resources and increasing the quantity and quality of the products.
This model of culture was born with the purpose of responding to the needs of the markets, marketing thousands of tons. This use of advanced techniques and machinery reduces risks such as dependence on climatic factors or labor, incorporating much more efficient systems.
Characteristics:
- It is characterized by incorporating science and technology to be more efficient.
- Saves resources such as time and money, thus achieving greater production in quantity, quality and overall benefits.
-Use automation techniques to reduce the risk of dependence eliminating very frequent problems such as weather and labor action. - You can save a lot of time in actions such as harvesting and incorporating combine harvesters that work automatically and with high efficiency.
- The maintenance is more complete and meticulous regarding fertilizers, pest control among others.
- The productive capacity is much greater and responds to the needs of the market.
Modern cultivation techniques:
The new technologies used for the development of crops bring with them a number of elements, among which we can mention:
. High performance seeds.
. Irrigation practices
. Fertilizers
. Pesticides
. Crop rotation.
The road to sustainable agriculture
Modern agriculture allows farmers to plan their goals with the sustainability of their practice in mind. This implies conserving and protecting natural resources, providing food and fuel to a growing population, all in a financially viable way for producers and consumers.
However, everything depends on the good management that is made of each of the elements that make up the system of modern agriculture. If any of them fails, it will not be possible to achieve the desired yield and productivity and as a consequence the quality and quantity of available food will decrease.
To be successful in this work, it is necessary to invest in agricultural research, development and extension as well as the implementation of better goods and services and the improvement in the practice of processes, which are derived from research.
In this research process, government entities and private companies must be submerged in order to implement programs and policies that provide the regulatory framework and that in turn provide incentives to those who take the risk of innovating.
As last data, the United Nations Organization for Agriculture, notes that world agriculture has been able to meet the demand for food for the last half century. However, the growth of productivity will depend on good management of the resources available for this.
But this {I say:} He who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly; and he who sows bountifully will also reap abundantly. (2 Corinthians 9: 6)
References:
https://pt.slideshare.net/Pantas20/agricultura-8151355