The nucleolus is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis.
Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are chromosomal regions crucial for the formation of the nucleolus. In humans, the NORs are located on the short arms of the acrocentric chromosomes.
Similar to the cytoplasm of a cell, the nucleus contains nucleoplasm, karyoplasm, or nucleus sap.
The nucleoplasm is one of the types of protoplasm, and it is enveloped by the nuclear membrane or nuclear envelope.
Nuclei also have other important functions like assembly of signal recognition particles and playing a role in the cell's response to stress.
Malfunction of nucleoli can be the cause of several human diseases.
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