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Tropical Cyclone: Hurricanes🌀
Tropical cyclone is a meteorological term used to refer to a stormy system characterized by a closed circulation around a center of low pressure and that produces strong winds and abundant rain. Depending on its strength a tropical cyclone can be called tropical depression, tropical storm, hurricane and depending on its location can be called typhoon or simply cyclone.
But what is a hurricane?
It is one of the most devastating weather phenomena since they are capable of destroying large areas and territories reaching speeds that can exceed 250 km / h. The causes of hurricanes are very varied and of different origin. There are numerous factors that influence the appearance of hurricanes, from meteorological phenomena, through the regions where they originate, to the very structure of the hurricane.
Regarding its structure, it is said that the most important parts of a hurricane are:
The eye: It is an area of relative calm in the center of a hurricane, which extends from sea level to high levels of the atmosphere and is surrounded by a wall of cumulus-nimbus. In the interior of the eye there are no clouds due to the prevailing descending movements (subsidence). This decrease in air generates high temperatures and a decrease in relative humidity. Up to here the Hurricane Hunters arrive to take data of the hurricane.
The wall of the eye: It is the dense wall of cumulus-nimbus that surrounds the eye. There are two opposing forces: the force of the air moving towards the center and the centrifugal force, towards the outside. The most intense winds are recorded in the wall of the eye and there the tornadoes would originate.
- Spiral rainbands: External hurricane rain bands can extend several hundred kilometers from the center. These dense bands of cumulus-nimbus, which rotate slowly in a spiral in an opposite direction to clockwise in the northern hemisphere, can measure from a few kilometers to tens of kilometers wide and from 80 to more than 450 km in length.
Worldwide, an average of 80 tropical cyclones are formed each year. These stormy phenomena are characterized by a closed circulation around a center of low pressure (a storm). As a result, they have strong winds and abundant rain. These winds are caused by the condensation of humid air, which is what provides the energy to tropical cyclones. It is said that the formation of tropical storms occurs in summer, when the water temperature is higher, but each zone has its own seasonal pattern.
Hurricane Regions
- North of the Atlantic Basin:
It is composed of the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. It is the place where the hurricanes that occasionally affect Costa Rica arise. This basin has witnessed some famous hurricanes like Gilbert, Mitch or Katrina.
- Northeast of the Pacific Basin:
It is the second most active region in the world and the densest (highest number of storms in a smaller region of the ocean). The storms here can affect Mexico, Hawaii.
- Northwest Pacific Basin:
is the place where more hurricanes are formed, compared to the rest of the planet, with an average of 26 tropical storms and 15 typhoons a year. The Philippine Islands are affected by tropical cyclones more than any other country in the world.
- North of the Indian Ocean: (including the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea):
unlike the previous one, this is the area where the smallest number of tropical cyclones are formed (5-6 storms and 2-3 cyclones), However, they can cause great destruction when they make an impact in places like Bangladesh
- If we are in the presence of a hurricane, the first thing to do is:
Keep calm and reassure your family. Keep the battery radio turned on for information or instructions about the hurricane. Disconnect all appliances and the power switch. Close the gas and water shut-off valves. Stay away from doors and windows. If the wind opens a door or window, do not move towards it in front. Stay alert to information from authorities and media, until the end of the emergency.
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