NUCLEAR CHEMESTRY AND THEIR TYPES

NUCLEAR CHEMESTRY AND THEIR TYPES

Nuclear chemistry is the sub field of chemistry dealing with the chemistry of radioactive materials which especially involve in nuclear reaction, with the transferring of chemical elements by (natural or artificial) nuclear processes.

TYPES OF NUCLEAR REACTION

There are five important types of nuclear Reactions, which involved in the process when a projectile strikes the nucleus of an atom.

Projectile capture reactions:
When the Projectile particle is absorbed by the target nucleus with the emission of γ-ray without any other particle such (alpha, beta) it is known as projectile capture reaction.

For example,

612C + 11H → 713N + γ-rays

Projectile capture particle emission reaction:
When the projectile particle is absorbed by the target nucleus with the emission of one or more particles with the formation of a stable nucleus.

For example, 714N + 01n → 614C + 11H

(Neutron) (Proton)

Another example, 511B + 11H → 611C + 01n

(Proton) (Neutron)

Fission reaction: In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, nuclear fission is either a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which a large nucleus breaks up into two or more fragments, and the neutrons and energy are released.
For example,NUCLEAR CHEMESTRY AND THEIR TYPES

92235U + 01n → 56141Ba + 3692Kr + 2 – 3 01n + Energy

Example with image,

Fussion reaction:
The reaction in which the nuclei fuse together to form a bigger Nucleus and in the process the high energy is released.

For example,

12H + 13H → 24He + 01n + 17.6 MeV Energy

Example with image,

Spallation reaction: A nucleus reaction in which a light projectile (proton, neutron) with high kinetic energy interacts with a heavy nucleus and causes the emission of a large number of neutrons or fragments.

For example,

2963Cu + 24He (400 MeV) →17 37Cl + 14 11H + 16 01n

High Energy Protons Neutrons