The environment as a biosphere greatly determines the existence of living things
within it. Different living beings, including humans, have varying degrees of adaptation to different environmental changes, because every living being has a different level of vulnerability and ability to respond to changes in its environment. Among other living creatures, humans are quickest to respond to the changes that occur in the environment. Humans know more about something close to it, including knowledge of the environment. Therefore, in the management of the environment it is necessary to develop local wisdom from local people in the management of the environment and natural resources.
Based on this understanding, the conservation of the population
local to the environment or natural resources have great hopes for success. Conservation in practice has been linked to efforts to manage natural resources and the environment. Simply conservation is understood as an effort to utilize the environment and or natural resources that are done today, but still maintain its existence in the future. Existence in this case not only in terms of quality but also quantity. Conservation will therefore be able to produce sustainability. The existence of sustainability of natural resources and environment will guarantee the creation of continuous utilization so that sustainable development or sustainable development can be realized.
The term conservation can be interpreted also as a protection of nature, derived from the word natural conservation. In terms of energy resources, conservation is defined as storage or conservation of energy.
Conservation needs to be placed in a dynamic sense. Because human aspirations from time to time also develop dynamically. This is related to the human desire that also continues to increase. In a dynamic sense, conservation can have an understanding of the degree of prevention to protection. While the sense of development that is agreed internationally by the nations of the world is :
Development is defined the modification of the biosphere and the application of human, financial, living resource to satisfy human needs and improve the quality of human life (IUCN, 1990).
Development that has taken advantage of various resources, must be able to improve welfare. In reality development often only increases the welfare of certain groups. This is very contrary to the principle of conservation is actually done by empowering ethics and welfare of the community. In environmental management, conservation can be used as an approach to address environmental impacts as a result of development. In conservation can be used engineering engineering and social engineering efforts.
The rapid development of the population and the growing world economic growth caused the natural resources to be utilized without preserving its sustainability. In some developing countries, the environment is found to be damaged, and poverty is found. Often these natural resources are exploited to meet the needs of other countries. In a country where natural resources are abundant but conditions are doomed to hunger, undeveloped economies and social disintegration will occur.
Today the world's population continues to grow. As a result, the need for more agricultural land, the need for wood is also higher, thus causing pressure on the forest. Forest destruction leads to high erosion, the occurrence of devastating floods and catastrophes, crop destruction, scarcity of water resources in some areas, and loss of some species of flora and fauna. The loss of forests, let alone conservation forests and protected forests, will cause the catastrophe described by IUCN as
Forest clearance and land abuse, destroy the essential natural resources established over million of years. For example, change to the water cycle may lead to soil erosion, silting of rivers and reservoirs, intensifies flooding, changes in the run of pattern increased water shortages and changes in ground water (IUCN, 1982:4)
Whether the conservation will be profitable...?
This question is important for the entrepreneur. As a good citizen he must approve the principles of conservation and underpin conservation goals in general. As an entrepreneur he will always take into account the profit and the loss. He will be willing to invest only if he believes that he will benefit from the investment will be really profitable if the element of time is really taken into account. But often the conservation of natural resources does not benefit the manager, and even unwanted by the community.
Do people want conservation...?
There is a difference between people's desires and individual desires in conservation. In general, personal managers want a high degree of time preference (time preference rate) and short term. On the contrary, the community wants a long time degree of time preference and a lower discount rate. This is because the public or the public wants prosperity for future generations.
The Need for a Conservation Area ...?
Uncontrolled human activity has led to the destruction of the natural resource environment. The destruction does not only occur in the land (forest), but also to the natural resources that exist in the oceans. Therefore, if these activities are not properly managed, it is feared that the potential of natural resources, including the genetic resources of both land (forest) and the sea will be extinct. Indonesia is known as one of the "mega centers" rather than biodiversity in the world.
By conserving and conserving the environment, environmental preservation is seen or can be seen as a setting other than worldly resources to prevent damage normally caused by contact with humans or by certain human activities, such as logging, hunting, clearing land for plantations, and only to replace it with new activities such as tourism and recreation areas. Furthermore, laws and regulations can apply to the preservation of natural resources, and can make the earth friendly, this is very important because it will save the planet at the time of making better dwellings for us, as well as for future generations.
Supporting literature / Reference
- All photos from pixabay.com
- ekologi dan lingkungan hidup Hal. 80-90
- Agus, 2011. Interaksi hewan dengan lingkungannya.
- ward T, eddie Hegeri, 2003. Wilayah Suaka Laut dalam Manajemen Perikanan Berbasis Ekosistem. departemen lingkungan Hidup dan Kelestarian alam. Jakarta
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