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(Learn how and when to remove these messages) | | Developer(s) | Brave Software,
Inc.
| |||||||||| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | Initial release
| 12 Oct 2016 v1.0.3 (Android) 14 Dec 2018 v1.7 (iO S) | |||||||||| | Stable
release(s) | ||||||||||| | ||||||||||| | Repository | github | |||||||||| |
Written in | Java Script, Swift, C++ | |||||||||| | Engines | Blink, V8, (Web
Kit on iO S/i PadO S) | |||||||||| | Operating system | | |||||||||| | Platform
| x86, x86-64, I A-32, AR M, A Arch64 | |||||||||| | Type | Web browser |
|||||||||| | License | MP L 2.0 | |||||||||| | Website | brave | Brave is a web
browser which was first released in 2016.

It is developed by California-based Brave Software, Inc.
It is based on the Chromium web browser, and is free and open-source.
History On May 25, 2015, CE O Brendan Eich and CT O Brian Bondy founded Brave
Software.
On January 20, 2016, Brave Software launched the first version of Brave with
ad-blocking capabilities and announced plans for an ad platform that uses
"browser-side anonymous targeting".

The same week, it was revealed that Brave Software had purchased Android web
browser Link Bubble (developed by Chris Lacy, who also developed launcher Action
Launcher) and rebranded it as Brave.
| Founded | May 28, 2015 | |---|---| | Headquarters | San Francisco, California,
United States | | Country of origin | United States | | Created by | Brave
Software, Inc.
| | Founder(s) | Brendan Eich, Brian Bondy | | CE O | Brendan Eich | | Products
| Brave Search, Brave Leo & others | | UR L | brave | | Launched | May 28, 2015
| The Brave browser Brave is a privacy-focused browser, which automatically
blocks most advertisements, web cookies and website trackers in its default
settings.

As of May 2024, Brave had approximately 1.27% market share according to
Cloudflare.
History In June 2018, Brave released a pay-to-surf test-version of the browser.
This version of Brave came preloaded with approximately 250 ads and sent a
detailed log of the user's browsing activity to Brave for the short-term purpose
of testing this functionality.

Brave announced that a series of expanded trials would follow.
Until December 2018, Brave ran on a fork of Electron called Muon, which they
marketed as a "more secure fork".
Nevertheless, Brave developers moved to Chromium, citing a need to ease their
maintenance burden.

Brave Software released the final Muon-based version with the intention that
users would update to a newer version as its end-of-life approached.
Functions Brave Leo Brave Leo is a large language model-based chatbot developed
by Brave Software that is included with the Brave desktop browser.
Brave Firewall + VP N Brave Firewall + VP N is a browser based, system wide
firewall and VP N for desktop, iO S and Android.

It uses the Guardian VP N backend.
Brave Search Brave Search is a search engine developed by Brave and is the
default search engine for the browser since October 2021.
Brave Talk Brave Talk is a browser-based video conferencing tool based on Jitsi
integrated into Brave in September 2021 with both free and paid tiers.

Brave News In December 2020, Brave integrated a personalized news reader focused
on user privacy into the browser.
As of June 2021, the news feed also includes promoted articles based upon the
Brave ads platform.
Brave Playlist A feature that lets users create playlists of audio and video
media sources and play them offline.

An Android version has been in active development on the nightly build as
according to a screenshot.
Privacy To prevent browser fingerprinting, Brave uses fingerprint randomization,
which makes the browser look different to websites over browser restart.
In June 2019, Brave started testing a new ad-blocking rule-matching algorithm
implemented in Rust, replacing the previous C++ one.

The u Block Origin and Ghostery algorithms inspired the new logic, which Brave
claims to be on average 69 times faster than the previous algorithm.
Brave Shields Brave Shields is an engine inspired by u Block Origin and others,
which blocks third-party ads and trackers in a similar fashion to other
extension-based ad blockers.
The advertisement blocking features are enabled by default.

Users are given control to adjust ad blocking, script and cookies settings in
the Shields and Privacy section of the browser.
Brave shields also protect against fingerprint tracking using a technique called
"farbling", allowing each browsing session to appear unique.
Tor windows Since June 2018, Brave offered Tor, .onion and Tor bridges support
in its desktop version.

Users can switch to Tor-enabled browsing by clicking on the hamburger menu in
the top-right corner of the browser.
Debouncing On October 15, 2021, Brave announced a new privacy feature dubbed
"debouncing".
The new feature is designed to disarm bounce tracking, a method of Internet
tracking through intermediary domains that load when users click on a link.

Debouncing will automatically recognize when users are about to visit a known
tracking domain and renavigates the user to their intended destination, skipping
the tracking site altogether.
De-AM P feature In April 2022, Brave announced a de-AM P feature that bypasses
Google's AM P system, directing the user straight to the original website
instead.
The company cited this as a privacy feature, calling AM P "harmful to users and
to the Web at large".

When this feature is activated, Yandex Turbo Pages, which are similar to AM P
pages, are also bypassed.
Other integrations Sugar Coat A tool integrated in Brave since the fourth
quarter of 2021 that automatically replaces tracking libraries with a spoofed,
privacy-preserving replacement to increase site compatibility with adblocking
scripts.
Inter Planetary File System (IPF S) In January 2021, Brave became one of the
first web browsers to offer native integration with a peer-to-peer networking
protocol.

As of March 2021, Brave supports decentralized domains, namely the ones provided
by Unstoppable Domains (.crypto etc.) and Ethereum Name Services (EN S).
In February 2020, the Wayback Machine was integrated into the browser.
Upon hitting an HTT P 404 error, among other error codes, the Wayback Machine is
automatically queried to display a cached version of the page.

Business model The Brave browser's business model is based on its share of ad
revenue.
Unlike other browsers that only display websites, Brave earns revenue from ads
by taking a 15% cut of publisher ads and a 30% cut of user ads.
Brave expects to generate revenue from selling Basic Attention Tokens (BA Ts) to
advertisers, letting users earn them while viewing ads and content.

Revenue Brave keeps financial reserves in the form of BA Ts for itself, with 200
million BA Ts (valued at $240 million) kept for building its blockchain-based
digital advertising system and 300 million BA Ts allocated as seed for browser
users' wallets as of 2021[update].
By August 2016, the company had received at least U S$7 million in angel
investments from venture capital firms, including Peter Thiel's Founders Fund,
Propel Venture Partners, Pantera Capital, Foundation Capital and the Digital
Currency Group.
Advertising Advertising campaigns are matched with users by inference from their
browsing history.

This targeting is carried out locally, with no transmission of personally
identifiable data outside the browser.
User ads are notification-style pop-ups, while publisher ads are viewed on or in
association with publisher content.
In November 2019, Brave launched Brave Ads on a personal computers version,
partnering with Air Swap, Consen Sys, e Toro, Home Chef, and Vice.

Cryptocurrency Basic Attention Token | Denominations | | |---|---| | Code | BA T
| | Development | | | Original author(s) | Brave Software | | White paper |
Basic Attention Token White Paper | | Implementation(s) | Brave Rewards | |
Initial release | 31 May 2017 | | Development status | Active | | Developer(s) |
Brave Software, BA T Project | | Ledger | | | Circulating supply | 1.49 billion
| | Supply limit | 1.5 billion | | Valuation | | | Exchange rate | Floating | |
Website | | | Website | basicattentiontoken | The "Basic Attention Token" (BA T)
is a cryptocurrency token based on Ethereum, created for use in an open-source,
decentralized ad exchange platform and as a cryptocurrency based on the ER C-20
standard.

In an initial coin offering on 31 May 2017, Brave sold one billion BA T for a
total of 156,250 Ethereum ($35 million) in less than 30 seconds.
An additional 500 million BA T was retained by the company to be used to promote
the adoption of the platform.
In early December 2017, the company disbursed the first round of its "user
growth pool" grants: a total of 300,000 BA T was distributed to new users on a
first-come, first-served basis.

Brave Rewards The first version of the micropayments feature was launched in
2016 under the name "Brave Payments" and used Bitcoin.
Since April 2019, Brave browser users can opt in to the Brave Rewards feature
earning the Basic Attention Tokens (BA T) as a cryptocurrency or to make
donations to registered websites and content creators.
Users may choose to tip their earned BA T micropayments to websites and content
creators (as tips) within the ecosystem or withdraw their BA T to a verified
Gemini or Uphold wallet.

Brave Wallet Brave Wallet is a native crypto wallet with no extensions required.
It supports all EV M-compatible chains (Polygon, x Dai, Avalanche, etc.) and L2
chains.
In addition, Brave Wallet can be used to store non-fungible tokens.
Desktop edition supports also hardware wallets such as Ledger and Trezor, while
mobile support is planned.

Brave Swap Brave Swap is an aggregator for cryptocurrency DE X's based on 0x
letting users swap Ethereum tokens for other tokens from within the browser.
Brave makes money off this by taking a small "router" fee with plans to return
20% of this fee to the user in the form of BA T tokens.
Usage In December 2018, Brave partnered with HT C to make Brave Browser the
default browser on the HT C Exodus 1.

Brave launched its stable release, version 1.0, on November 13, 2019, while
having 8.7 million monthly active users overall.
At the time, it had approximately 3 million active users on a daily basis.
Brave 1.0, running on Android, iO S, Windows 10, macO S, or Linux, integrated
"almost all of Brave's marquee features across all platforms", according to
Engadget.

In November 2020, Brave reported having 20 million monthly users.
In April 2021, Brave became the first browser to be added to the Epic Games
Store.
In September 2021, it passed 36 million monthly active users.
As of December 2024,[update] Brave reported more than 77.3 million monthly
active users, 32.1 million daily active users and a network of more than 1.8
million content creators.

Reception Reviews of Brave praised the browser's speed, privacy aspects and
built-in ad blocking, as well as potential reduced battery usage.
According to the website Privacy Tests.org, Brave, along with Librewolf and Tor
Browser, had the most privacy protection compared to other browsers.
A 2021 research study analyzing the data reported by browsers to their back-end
servers by Douglas J.

Leith of the University of Dublin reported that Brave had the highest level of
privacy of the five browsers tested.
A test conducted by a freelance journalist writing for Digital Trends found
Brave to be the only mainstream browser to pass the Electronic Frontier
Foundation's Cover Your Tracks test.
Controversies Brave has received negative press for diverting ad revenue from
websites to itself, collecting unsolicited donations for content creators
without their consent, suggesting affiliate links in the address bar and
installing a paid VP N service without the user's consent.

On its business model Brave Rewards In January 2016, in reaction to Brave
Software's initial announcement, Sebastian Anthony of Ars Technica described
Brave as a "cash-grab" and a "double dip".
Anthony concluded: "Brave is an interesting idea, but generally it's rather
frowned upon to stick your own ads in front of someone else's".
Tech Crunch, Computerworld and Engadget termed Brave's ad replacement plans
"controversial" in 2016.

In April 2016, the CE O of the Newspaper Association of America, David Chavern,
said that Brave's proposed replacement of advertising "should be viewed as
illegal and deceptive by the courts, consumers, and those who value the creation
of content".
Relationship with content creators In December 2018, British You Tube content
creator Tom Scott said that he had not received any donations collected on his
behalf by Brave.
Two days after the complaint, Brave issued an update to "clearly indicate which
publishers and creators have not yet joined Brave Rewards so users can better
control how they donate and tip".

In January 2020, Brave issued another update to change the behavior of unclaimed
tips.
They are now held in the browser and transferred if the creator signs up within
90 days; otherwise, they are returned to the user.
Sponsored images backgrounds On January 15, 2020, Brave introduced branded
wallpapers within the new tab page by default, even when the Basic Attention
Tokens were not enabled.

This led to some backlash from the community.
Insertion of referral codes On June 6, 2020, a Twitter user pointed out that
Brave inserted affiliate referral codes when users navigated to Binance.
Further research revealed that Brave also added referral codes to the UR Ls of
other cryptocurrency exchange websites.

In response to the backlash from the users, Brave's CE O apologized and called
it a "mistake" and said "we're correcting".
He remarked that Brave seeks affiliate revenue while trying to build a viable
business, adding that: "This includes bringing new users to Binance & other
exchanges via opt-in trading widgets/other U X that preserves privacy prior to
opt-in.
It includes search revenue deals, as all major browsers do." Two days later,
Brave released a new version which they said made auto-completion to partner
links opt-in, followed by a blog post explaining the issue and apologizing.

Forced VP N installation In October 2023, reports emerged that Brave Browser was
installing its $9.99 VP N service on Windows machines without the user's
consent.
The developer later announced it intends to reverse its decision, promising to
not install the VP N unless enabled or purchased by the user.

On the browser Bug in Tor browsing mode One privacy issue appeared via a private
disclosure on Brave's Hacker One bug bounty platform on January 12, 2021.
The disclosure reported that Brave was sending DN S requests to the IS P of the
users instead of routing it through the Tor network, thus allowing IS Ps to have
knowledge of a user's browsing sessions.

Brave fixed the issue in its Nightly channel soon after it was initially
reported.
Once the bug received public attention in mid-February from Twitter users
verifying the vulnerability, the fix was soon uplifted to the Stable channel and
landed in Brave 1.20.110.
Fingerprinting measures in the browser In 2023, researchers demonstrated
bypassing of anti-fingerprinting protection in Brave and called for
implementation of more robust countermeasures.

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