Cryptography is specific term- but if we can generalise it to mean transferring messages that other people(or animals) cannot see, then I have just the animal for you.
Behold, the peacock mantis shrimp. These guys live in burrows around the indo pacific ocean and while having the ability to strike prey unbelievably fast with its raptorial appendages, it also has one of the most advanced senses of sight in the animal kingdom. Its compound eye has 12 types of Rhodopsins (light sensitive proteins) while we have only 3. The mantis shrimp’s eye can also see polarized light- and they use this trait very sneakily. Since mantis shimps’ carapaces are capable of polarizing light, they can use them to communicate. This allows the shrimp to communicate with potential mates or mark their territory without being seen by predators such as tuna or barracuda.
I did my biology final on mantis shrimp and know much more about them than I ever wished to know.
Author: William Min https://www.quora.com/Other-than-humans-does-any-creature-use-cryptography