Mount Semeru or Mount Meru is a cone volcano in East Java, Indonesia. Semeru Mountain is the highest mountain on Java Island, with its peak Mahameru, 3,676 meters above sea level (masl). Semeru Mountain is also the third highest volcano in Indonesia after Mount Kerinci in Sumatra and Mount Rinjani in West Nusa Tenggara [1]. The crater at the top of Mount Semeru is known as Jonggring Saloko. Mount Semeru is administratively included in the two regencies, namely Malang Regency and Lumajang Regency, East Java Province. This mountain is included in the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park area.
Semeru has Dipterocarp Hill forests, Upper Dipterocarp forests, Montane forests, and Ericaceous Forests or mountain forests.
The geographical position of Semeru is located between 8 ° 06 'LS and 112 ° 55' BT.
In 1913 and 1946 the Crater Jonggring Saloka had a dome with a height of 3,744.8 m until the end of November 1973. To the south, this dome broke down the edge of the crater causing the lava flow to the south to cover the Pronojiwo and Candipuro areas in Lumajang.
It takes about four days to climb the summit of Mount Semeru to and fro. To climb the mountain can be reached through the city of Malang or Lumajang. From Malang City terminal take public transportation to Tumpang village. Connected with jeeps or trucks / pickups, many of which are located behind the Overlap terminal market with a cost per person of Rp. 60,000 - Rp 100,000,000 to Post Ranu Pani.
Previously, I stopped at Gubugklakah to get a permit, with details, a permit fee of IDR 6,000 for a maximum of 10 people, a park entrance ticket of IDR 2,000 per person, insurance per person IDR 2,000 (estimated cost includes transportation jeep or vegetable truck).
By using a vegetable truck or travel jeep starting from Tumpang to Ranu Pani, the last village at the foot of Semeru. As for the direction of Lumajang, it can be reached by private vehicle or by motorcycle taxi around the Senduro market to Pos Ranu Pani.
Here there is a checkpoint, there are also stalls and lodging huts. Everyone who wants to climb is charged Rp. 17,500 per person per day for weekdays, and Rp. 22,500 per person per day for holidays. In this post you can look for porters (local residents to help show the direction of climbing, lifting items and cooking). Climbers can also spend the night at the checkpoint. At the Ranu Pani post there are also two lakes namely Ranu Pani (1 ha) and Ranu Regulo (0.75 ha) located at an altitude of 2,200 meters above sea level.
After arriving at the "Welcome" gate, the journey continues to the left towards the hill, but do not follow the wide road towards the resident's garden. In addition to the usual paths of climbers, there are also shortcut paths that are used by local climbers, but this route is very steep.
The initial sloping path, along the hillside which is dominated by Imperata plants. There are no road signs, but there is a distance measurement mark every 100 m. There are many fallen trees, and branches above the head.
After walking about 5 km down the hillside which is overgrown with edelweiss flowers, then it will arrive at Watu Rejeng. Here is a very beautiful steep rock. A very beautiful view towards the valley and hills, overgrown with black forest and pine. Sometimes you can see smoke from the peak of Semeru. To get to Ranu Kumbolo, you still have to go around 4.5 km.
In Ranu Kumbolo tents can be established. There is also a climbing hut (shelter). There is a lake with clean water and has a beautiful view, especially in the morning, you can watch the sun rise in the hills. There are many fish, sometimes wild grouse. Ranu Kumbolo is at an altitude of 2,400 m with an area of 14 ha.
From Ranu Kumbolo you should prepare as much water as possible. Leave Ranu Kumbolo then climb the steep hill, with a very beautiful view in the back towards the lake. In front of the hill lay a vast meadow called oro-oro ombo. Oro-oro ombo is surrounded by hills and mountains with very beautiful scenery, wide grasslands with slopes overgrown with pine trees like in Europe. From behind Mt. Kepolo looks like the peak of Mt. Semeru spouted smoke wedus gembel.
Then enter the pine forest where birds and deer are sometimes found. This area is called Cemoro Kandang.
The Kalimati post is at an altitude of 2,700 m, here can set up a tent to rest. This post is in the form of a vast meadow on the edge of a pine forest, so there are many branches available for making bonfires.
There is a spring from Sumber Mani, to the west (right), tracing the edge of the Kalimati forest with a distance of 1 hour round trip. In Kalimati and in Arcopodo there are many mountain mice.
To go to Arcopodo turn left (East) walk around 500 meters, then turn right (South) slightly down the Kalimati meadow. Arcopodo is 1 hour from Kalimati passing very steep pine forests, with lands that are easily landslide and dusty. Can also camp at Arcopodo, but the condition of the land is less stable and often landslides. We recommend that you use glasses and nose cover because a lot of ash is flying. Arcopodo is at an altitude of 2,900 m, Arcopodo is the last area of vegetation on Mount Semeru, the rest will pass through the dunes.
From Arcopodo to the summit of Semeru it takes 3-4 hours, over a very steep sand dune and easily slumps. As a travel guide, there are also several small red triangle flags on this track. All luggage should stay in Arcopodo or in Kalimati. Climbing to the summit is done early in the morning around 00.00 from Kalimati.
During the day the wind tends to head north towards the summit carrying poison gas from the Jonggring Saloka Crater.
Climbing should be done during the dry season, namely June, July, August and September. It is better not to climb during the rainy season because of frequent storms and landslides.
The first person to climb this mountain was Clignet and Winny Brigita (1838) a Dutch geologist from the southwest through Widodaren, then Junhuhn (1945) a Dutch botanist from the north through Mount Ayek-a, Inder-inder mountain and mountain Kepolo. In 1911 Van Gogh and Heim passed the northern slope and after 1945 generally climbing was done through the northern slopes through Ranupane and Ranu Kumbolo as they are today.
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