Hello, dear family Steemit! Welcome to our virtual classroom, sometimes we are not aware of how education influences our lives, this type of teaching can literally save our lives. This beautiful day I bring a very important content for the development of any child. So I invite you to enjoy this class where we can clarify questions and doubts in children about our African continent. The name of Africa comes from Latin and means "without cold".
AFRICA
It is the third largest continent, after Asia and America. Formed by 54 countries and 9 deserts. Its main ecosystem is the savannah, with an arid and dry climate and little vegetation. Africa is a solid continental block that borders the Mediterranean and Red seas and the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
Did you know that... In Africa, exactly in Ethiopia has a jaw been found with 2.8 million years? One of the oldest humans remains in the world.
Africa is a very varied continent: there are huge deserts like the one in the Sahara; tropical jungles where the trees grow so close together that they impede the passage of sunlight; high mountains such as Kilimanjaro; impressive meadows where there are animals such as zebras, giraffes among others. And savannah landscapes, where entire families of lions and elephants live.
Did you know… ?
- In Chobe National Park, in Botswana, there is the largest concentration of elephants in the world, about 120,000 pachyderms live here.
- The largest animal in the world is the African elephant.
- The hippopotamus is the most dangerous animal in Africa.
- The giraffe is the tallest animal of all. Some can measure 6 meters, like a 3-story building.
Area and coasts of Africa
Africa offers a scarce development of continental shelf due to its mountainous contour and, in addition, it has a low percentage of plains. The Atlantic Ocean bathes its coasts in the west, while the Mediterranean Sea does it in the north and the Indian Ocean in the east.
Numerical data of the African continent.
- Area: 30,221,532 km2
- Inhabitants: approximately 1,196,000 inhabitants, year 2017.
- Highest point: Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, with 5,895 meters in height.
- Lowest point : Lake Assal, in Djibouti, 150 meters below sea level.
- Longest river: The Nile river, with 6,670 km long.
- Largest desert: The Sahara river with 9,100,000 km2 of the surface.
- Largest lake: El Victoria, 69,484 km2.
- The number of countries: 54 countries.
- Largest country: Sudan.
- Smallest country: Seychelles Islands.
Under the Arab countries that border the Mediterranean is sub-Saharan Africa, also called black Africa. They are all countries that go from the Sahara desert to the south.
What is the language of the inhabitants of Africa?
The population of Africa has a great diversity of languages, some props and others implanted by the colonizers. Among languages and dialects, it has about fifteen hundred forms of oral expression, divided into four linguistic families: Afro-Asian, Niger-Congolese, Nilo-Saharan and the Joisana. In addition, other languages are spoken: English, French, Portuguese and Spanish as a result of colonization.
What are the countries and regions that make up the African continent?
Countries of the North Region
The Atlas region is made up of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt, and they are delimited to the North by the Mediterranean Sea and to the South by the Sahara Desert. It has mountainous elevations called atlas, which reach 4,000 meters in height.
North Africa, is largely occupied by the Sahara desert, which determines the landscape and climate of the countries of the area, The Sahara, separates the Arab countries near the Mediterranean and descendants of ancient cultures, of so-called Africa black, heir of rich and varied traditions.
The Sahara desert occupies most of Algeria, where the Tuareg live, nomadic goat and camel herders. The Atlas mountains separate the desert from the coastal zone, with cities located on hills, full of trees and fertile plains.
The region has a warm Mediterranean climate, with warm summers and mild winters. The predominant population is Arab and Berber. Mining is one of the most important resources in the region. It highlights phosphates, iron, and oil.
In 1992 the British archaeologist Howard Carter discovered the tomb of an ancient Egyptian pharaoh called Tutankhamun, in the valley of the kings, there were his mummified body and all its treasures: furniture, precious stones, gold etc.
Countries of the Western Region
Between the savannah and the desert, this region consists of Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde Islands, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Mali, Niger, and Nigeria. It covers from the Atlantic Ocean to the Sudan border, and from the Sahara to the Gulf of Guinea. During Centuries, this area of Africa was supplying slaves (the Gulf of Guinea became famous as the "Costa slaves"). The decadence of the interior zones is due, among other reasons, to the climate of transition between the savannah and the desert, which always threatens long and prolonged droughts.
Nigeria is one of the poorest countries in Africa. In ancient times, it was the meeting point for the merchants of the center and north with the inhabitants of the coastal jungles. In this country, there are more than 250 different ethnic groups or races!
In Senegal, their carved wooden masks and their musical instruments made with pumpkins are famous.
Countries of the Eastern Region
The eastern fringe of Africa is between the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the tectonic lakes. It is made up of Sudan, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, and Eritrea. To the North, the climate is warm desert and to the center and south, warm tropical.
The territory is occupied by the savanna until a few years ago full of antelopes, gazelles, buffalos, elephants, lions, leopards, monkeys, and birds. And, in the rivers and swamps, hippos and crocodiles. But the demographic growth and hunger of the hunters have almost completely destroyed this heritage.
The largest country in Africa is Sudan. There grows a type of acacia from which gummy liquid is extracted. Used to make medicines, dyes, and paints: it is the gum arabic.
Djibouti was known as the valley of hell because of the heat it makes. It has a very spectacular landscape, with black lava mountains that contrast with the white salt lakes of the coast. Here is Lake Assal.
The burning of forests to prepare the land for cultivation has converted much of the territory of Rwanda into savanna. With the disappearance of the trees, the home of the gorillas also disappears, who find refuge in the Volcanoes National Park.
Countries of the Central Region
In Central Africa, so called Black Africa is located. The population, in its majority, is of the black race. For a long time, the inhabitants of these countries were captured by whites to use them as slaves. Today the situation has changed and slavery and racism have been disappearing.
The states of this region form a homogeneous, almost monotonous set, comprised practically completely in the equatorial and subequatorial climatic zone. Only Chad reaches the desert. The Congo River, with its numerous navigable tributaries, crosses the entire center like an artery that carries oxygen. This is where the continent conserves its greatest forest wealth and important mineral resources. This region is made up of Chad, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sao Tome and Principe.
In the fifteenth century, the Portuguese came to the land that today is Cameroon, in the river Wouri they found crabs, but they thought they were shrimp, shrimp in Portuguese, and that's why this country is called that.
One of the world's last animal reserves is in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The government has turned large areas into national parks, among the protected animals is the okapi, which only lives in this country and which is its national symbol.
On Lake Chad, camels crossing the desert quench their thirst. Did you know that a camel can drink 100 liters of water in 10 minutes?
Countries of the Southern Region
It is made up of Angola, Namibia, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Madagascar, Lesotho, Swaziland, Seychelles, Mauritius and the Comoros Islands. The climate is tropical, only the lands of the south end have subtropical characteristics. It has a vast desert area, the Kalahari. It has large rivers, such as Zambezi, Limpopo, and Orange. The mountains are numerous, of modest height and form great plateaus, the only exception is the Drakensberg mountains, of 3,400 meters. The level of development varies from one country to another, as well as its political, human and religious landscape.
A part of the Kalahari desert is located in Namibia, from where a unique spectacle is contemplated: sand dunes that reach 300 meters high and that advance with the wind!
Zambia is named after the Zambezi River, one of the longest in Africa. This river falls into the spectacular Victoria Falls, the most famous in the entire continent.
What is the economy like in this continent?
A study of economic activities in Africa reveals that those of the primary sector (agriculture, livestock, mining) still predominate, while it lacks the industrial sector, except for some exceptions, which have developed slowly, are those that emerged as a consequence of the hydroelectric potential. The main African industries are oil distilleries and mineral refineries.
The future of the African economy seems to depend on the wealth of the subsoil. The oil-exporting countries are distinguished: Algeria, Libya, Nigeria, Angola, Egypt, and Gabon.
The South African Republic has three capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein. In addition, it is the world's leading producer of gold and chrome, which is why it is one of the richest countries in Africa. However, not all the population has benefited from this wealth, because for many years the black inhabitants were denied their rights.
In some countries of this continent life is not easy because the population grows very fast and still does not know how to exploit its resources; therefore, the majority is dedicated to agriculture and livestock. In Africa, the reserves of oil, gas, precious stones, gold, and silver are very important.
Did you know… ?
- Ghana has large cocoa crops of which it is the largest exporter.
- Many tourists come to Kenya every year to visit their reserves of wild animals and their natural parks.
- Botswana is the leading producer of diamonds in the world.
- The most important economic activity in Liberia is the exploitation of rubber.
- On this continent are the 10 poorest countries in the world: Nigeria, Ethiopia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Somalia, Central African Republic, Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone.
Although I think that we should include my country the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela in that list since currently, the minimum salary is equal to the value of 1 $ STEEM. That is 5,000 SOVEREIGN Bolivars, where we find that 1 KG of beef costs us 6,000 Bolivars. In short, this is not an issue of interest to you. Let's continue with the class ...
Recognized monuments of the African continent
The Sahara desert is the largest in the world and the hottest area on Earth. Almost everything is covered in sand, except the oases, which are places where there is water and plants.
The Nile river is the longest in the world, with more than 6,000 kilometers long. It is born in Burundi and flows into the Mediterranean Sea forming a delta.
Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest height in Africa, it is a volcano, but it is off. Its summit is covered in snow all the time.
The lowest point of Africa is Lake Assal. When the water of this lake evaporates, small islands of salt are exposed.
Did you know… ?
- The desert is a sandy territory where it hardly rains, so there is no vegetation.
- A delta is the mouth of a river that forms several arms.
- The jungle is an extensive and humid terrain where there is a lot of vegetation.
- The Savannah is an extensive plain in which there are almost no trees.
CONCLUSION
- The African continent is the third largest in the world, after Asia and America. It has few islands and coasts, the dominant landscape is formed by a great arid and desert plateau bordered by mountainous cordons that extend in the northwest, the southwest, the east, and in the central area of the Sahara desert.
- The geophysical conditions of the African territory, its structure, the accentuated monotony of its relief and its few joints are the factors that cause the dominant tropical climate. The lack of rain and strong winds determine the type of warm desert, characteristic of the continent.
Thank you all for joining me in this fantastic and perfect exercise for the development of children, With this fun series of questions and answers, you can have a good time with the little ones in the house, help you in your physical and mental development, allowing you to expand his technique of concentration and observation to help them understand their environment. In addition, they provide us with the necessary knowledge and skills that allow us to protect ourselves against all adversities.
REFERENCES
- Africa.
- North Africa.
- South Africa.
- East Africa.
- West Africa.
- Central Africa.
- Regions of Africa. Spanish!
- Interesting facts about Africa. Spanish!
- Learning about Africa. Spanish!
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