The method of inquiry is one of the learning methods in the field of Science, which until now still be regarded as a fairly effective method. David L. Haury in his article Teaching Science Through Inquiry (1993) cites the definition given by Alfred Novak: inquiry is a behavior involved in human endeavor to explain rationally phenomena that provoke curiosity. In other words, inquiry is related to active activities and skills that focus on the search for knowledge or understanding to satisfy curiosity(Haury, 1993)
The rationale reason for using this inquiry methods is that students will get a better understanding about science and will be more interested on science if they are actively involved in "doing science". In this case, student investigation is the backbone of inquiry method. This investigation is focused on understanding the concepts of Science and improving students' scientific thinking process skills.
Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how knowledge is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained. (wikipedia)
According to theorists of Clark Hull and Kenneth Spence, drive reduction is a major cause of learning and behavior. Primary drives are innate drives (e.g. thirst, hunger, and sex), whereas secondary drives are learned by conditioning (e.g. money). Doris Kraeling and Byron Campbell experimented to determine if “reduction would be more effective as a reinforcer if the initial drive were low than if the initial drive were high.” Their findings are quite surprising: “Changes in stimuli are more discriminable at low levels of stimulus intensity than at higher levels of stimulus intensity.wikipedia
Based on the reduction theory above, can be understood that biological needs and the satisfaction occupies a important central position in all human activities, so that the stimulus in learning is almost always linked to biological needs, although the responses may vary in shape.
Still according to Hull, the biological needs for living beings generate the impetus to perform activities to meet those needs, thereby increasing the likelihood that these living things will respond in the form of a reduction response needs. According to Hull's theory, performance and strengthening motivators work together to help sentient beings get the right response (Wortman, 2004). Furthermore, Hull formulates his theory in the form of mathematical equations between drive (energy) and habit (direction) as the determinant of behavior in the form of:
Behavior = Drive × Habit
The Learning In Using Inquiry Method
Conclusion
Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the method of inquiry is a very effective learning method in cultivating a sense of curiosity learners about science, in the practice of digging information and solve problems . While the teacher only acting as facilitator and mentor.
then in learning by using this method, must provide problems or topics, reading sources and ask students to seek and dig their own information and problem solving.
if viewed from the practice of inquiry, then the education dayah salafiyah (traditional) specifically for classes 4 - 7 have applied this method of inquiry. because in the education of power in aceh, santri (students), in solving a problem, then the problem will be discussed in class. although in education methods have not been called "inquiry methods", but they have practiced them.
The Learning In Using Inquiry Method
The success of santri dayah, one of which can not be separated from this method of learning (inquiry method). The method of inquiry learning can be said the most effective method in growing the curiosity of learners. because the higher the curiosity, the more active and diligent in finding and exploring information about a problem to solve (find answers).
to understand the text of a single book, they dig information for the text from various books. for example, santri who studied the book of mahalli, to understand the book, they need to open and study at least 4 other books, such as: book nihayahul muhtaj, mughni muhtaj, tuhah muhtaj.
Although this method is included in one of the effective learning methods, but each method there are deficiencies and advantages.sometimes the method is suitable for some classes and not relevant to students in other classes. for example, in a class that most students are lazy and there is no interest in learning at all, in such cases is not appropriate to apply the learning by using inquiry method. then another method should be sought in accordance with the student's condition and psychology.
References:
Reduction Theory
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