In the world of building construction, especially the construction of flexible pavement, usually we often encounter damage to the road. The defects are as follows:
Subtle Cracking:
This damage has the characteristics: the width of the gap of the pavement damage is smaller or equal to 3 mm, the cause of the damage of the flexible pavement is the material for the poor pavement, the ground less stable. So that this fine crack can absorb or pass water into the surface layer (seep). If left or not immediately repaired the crack can develop into cracked crocodile skin.
Crocodile Skin:
This damage has the characteristics: the width of the gap is greater or equal to 3 mm so that each other to form a small box that resembles a crocodile skin. Pavement damage is caused by poor material or pavement material, weathering of pavement surfaces, less stable soil base due to the execution of replacement of damaged soil material, so that water is still in the bottom of the soil. This is what causes the water confined at the bottom, resulting in the occasional water rises to the surface of the pavement. Usually the damage to the flexible pavement is not widespread, if there is extensive damage, this is due to a large or excessive traffic load. Preferably the pavement section that has been subjected to cracked crocodile skin due to water seeping into the foundation layer and bottom soil is repaired by disassembling and disposing of the wet parts, then coated again with the appropriate material. Improvements should be accompanied by improved drainage in the vicinity. Damage caused by traffic loads should be fixed by providing additional layers. Crocodile skin can be impregnated with water so that over time will cause holes due to the release of grains.
Fringe Edge:
This damage has the characteristics of: crack extending the road leading to the shoulder of the road. This cracking is caused by poor compaction at the margin during slings, drainage and drainage failures, ground shrinkage due to no renewal of damaged soil material, plant roots growing on the edge of pavement can be the cause of this crack . Cracks can be fixed by filling the gap with a mixture of liquid asphalt and sand. Improved drainage should be done by installing the drainage path from the road body to the drainage, the road shoulder widened and compressed with the minimum aggregate material of class C. If the pavement rim is decreasing, the elevation can be improved by using hotmix. This crack will gradually increase with the occurrence of holes.
Cracked Shoulder Joints and Pavements:
This damage is characterized by a longitudinal crack commonly occurring on the shoulder joint with a pavement. Cracks can be caused by drainage conditions below the shoulder of the road worse than under pavement, shrinkage of shoulder material or pavement, or due to heavy truck / vehicle trajectory on the shoulder of the road. Improvements can be made such as refinement crack repair.
Cracked Road Connection:
This damage is characterized by a longitudinal crack that occurs in the two-lane traffic junction. This is due to the bad bonding of the two lane connections. Improvements can be made by inserting a mixture of liquid asphalt and sand into the gaps that occur. If not repaired, the crack may expand into wide because of the release of the grains on the cracked edges and seep the water into the coating.
Cracking Of Road Widening Connection:
This defect has a characteristic: is a longitudinal crack occurring at the connection between the old pavement and the widening pavement. This is due to the difference in carrying capacity of the soil under the widening section and the old road section, can also be caused by the bond between the bad joints. Repairs are done by filling the gaps that arise with the mixture of liquid asphalt with sand. If not repaired, water can seep into the pavement layer through the cracks, the grains can be loose and the crack grows larger.
Crack Of Reflection:
This damage has characteristics: crack lengthwise, transversely, diagonally, or forming a box. This damage occurs in an additional layer depicting the pattern of cracks underneath. Crack reflections may also occur if vertical / horizontal movements are below the additional layer as a result of changes in water content in expansive soil types. For crack lengthwise, transverse, and digonal repairs can be done by filling the gap with a mixture of liquid asphalt and sand. For box-shaped cracking repairs is done by disassembling and re-coating with the appropriate material.
Fracture:
This damage has the characteristics of: interlocking cracks forming large boxes with sharp corners. Cracks are caused by volume changes in the surface layer using asphalt with low penetration, or volume changes in the foundation and foundation layers. Repairs can be done by filling the gap with a mixture of liquid asphalt and sand and coating with burtu.
Skid Crawl:
This damage has characteristics: cracks that are curved. This happens because of the bad bond between the surface layer and the underlying layer (the presence of dust, oil, water, or non-adhesive objects, or due to the lack of tack coat as a binder between the two layers). Skid ripple can also occur due to too much sand in a flexible layer bending mixture, or poorly compacted surface layers. Repairs can be done by dismantling the damaged part and replacing it with a better layer.
