Hi best friend steemians. This time I will discuss a little about the problems that we will be in irrigation. Incidentally I am also being joined in a team that is working on the construction of irrigation channels.
Irrigation is an effort made by humans to irrigate agricultural land. In the modern world, there are now many irrigation models that humans can do. In ancient times, if water supply was abundant because of a place close to a river or a spring, irrigation was done by draining the water to the farm. However, irrigation is also common with carrying water using a container and then pouring on the plants one by one. For irrigation with a model like this in Indonesia called watering.
As has been said, in the modern world there are many ways that can be done to irrigate and this has been going on since Ancient Egypt.
As a country where most of the population works in agriculture, irrigation development is very important for this nation. There are a lot of problems that arise in this agricultural facility development efforts both natural and human factors. Here are some reviews about irrigation problems that exist in Indonesia.
Fluctuations in the availability of water quantities
Indonesia is a tropical country with two seasons. In general, water demand will increase drastically in the dry season when the amount of water available in the dry season can be spelled out a bit. Then in the rainy season happened the opposite, the amount of water is very abundant to be thrown through the drainage channel to the sea. The challenge is how to save excessive amount of water during the rainy season to be distributed during the dry season. So it takes water reservoir building such as reservoir, water and drainage very important role in this case.
Areas prone to flooding
In connection with the first problem of surface water fluctuations in the wet season the amount of water is very abundant if wrong in handling will result in flood disaster. A good irrigation system should be able to store abundant water without causing flooding.
Topographic issues
We know that the nature of water is flowing from the plateau to low. Here there are problems, sometimes the availability of surface water sources does not meet the needs. There is a water source that is located very far from the farmers so that if made irrigation networks will be very expensive. There is also a close to the rice field but the position is lower, this is a condition that is not profitable. Therefore it is necessary to build a building capable of raising the water surface such as a weir or water pump. Then a great investment is needed to solve this problem.
Development sometimes does not provide adequate living support facilities
Irrigation development for paddy fields can not stand alone. This development should be sustainable with facilities and infrastructure supporting the life of other farmers such as: the development of good transportation network, environmental facilities, not remote and ease to meet other needs.
Increased population
Increasing the current population is enough to provide problems in agriculture, especially in Java. The problem is the changing function of agricultural land into residential population. The narrowness of land will make the production of agricultural products also decline.
Land acquisition
The difficulty of whether or not the land acquisition is very influential on whether or not the irrigation development is implemented. This can not be separated from the willingness of land owners to be invited to compromise. As far as I know, land acquisition in Indonesia is quite difficult. This should be overcome by providing adequate compensation to landholders.
Human Resources
The most important factor to achieve the success of irrigation development is the existing human resources itself. The human resources I mean in this case are the farmers. Behavior of farmers in viewing water that is still social (free), Farmers behavior in managing irrigation facilities and infrastructure is still minimal (ownership is very less), our farmers are still low, most of our farmers lack of cooperation in irrigation management.
Soil
Why is the soil included in the irrigation problem? Soil types will be an important factor in achieving the success of irrigation development. Good soil is fertile soil for plants and not porous. The soil should be able to store water in a long time so as not to sink into the earth. So certain types of soil are not suitable for agriculture. For example, land in karst or limestone areas, is not suitable as agricultural irrigation because it is so porous that water is easily lost.
A few discussions about irrigation problems in Indonesia that I submit. In terms of. I am also still learning to deepen the irrigation problem. Thank you for your attention.
References:
WIKIPEDIA