Systems of exploitation in cattle

The livestock operation is linked to the climatic conditions present in the area where the production unit is located, as well as the available labor force and the extension of land to be exploited. This will depend on the exploitation system that is applied, such as:

1.- Traditional system: the farmer usually carries out this exploitation extensively, where the main characteristic of this system is that there are no technical criteria in the management of livestock and based on beef cattle.

2.- Technified or intensive system: its main characteristic is the inclusion of more animals per area and with use or use of technology, with great knowledge and with the obtaining of greater benefits. For the application of this system it is necessary the investment on a large scale, which guarantees the maximum performance of the resources.

Among the practices used in this system we can find the divisions of paddocks, cubicles or stabling and semi-hinged systems.

The divisions of paddocks are practices that allow the forage to be used and the trampling of the grass avoided, since in large areas live fences are placed, which are mobilized at the rhythm of the animal's consumption, offering only a stay of 4 to 5 days in the same place; thus, as the cattle advances to another area, the fence moves and the grass is maintained, fertilizing the land and spreading the manure.

Now the stabling technique consists of the placement of animals in fixed spaces with modified and / or controlled environments, depending on the need and availability of resources. In these fixed places several aspects must be considered as: types of material used in the construction; roads or means of transport, for the dispatch of food to animals; constant cleaning of the place; use of beds, which serve as cushioned means and do not hurt the members of our animals. Some advantages of this practice is greater amount of animals per area, and using spaces done is impossible for the animal to graze.

Finally, semi-hinged systems are designed in conjunction with the two previous ones, in order to adapt the exploitation area to the capital available for investment. It is a system where the animals take advantage of the pasture in the field and the nutritional supplements in the stable.

The exploitation systems will ultimately vary from the country and the availability of technology, as well as the financial capital available for investment.