1. 学习和问题 / Reflections
在学习github.com/eosio的Single-node 时候发现一个不懂的概念stale chain
When I was studying the Single-Node test, I encountered a concept which confused me stale chain.
Stale的英文解释是 /Explanation:
(of food) no longer fresh and pleasant to eat; hard, musty, or dry.
已经不再新鲜的食物，变硬，发霉，变干
2. Stale Chain
bitcoin.org的解释:
Blocks which were successfully mined but which aren’t included on the current best block chain, likely because some other block at the same height had its chain extended first.
成功开采并被验证的区块，可是由于在同样高度的其他区块被先开采出来了，所以该区块不会成为成为链上的块。
3. Orphaned / Detached Block
Orphan的中文解释是孤儿，但英文解释更加准确（这也是笔者呼吁大家一定要读英文问当的原因）
Orphan: a child whose parents are dead.
区别概念： Orphan Block 孤儿块
Blocks whose parent block has not been processed by the local node, so they can’t be fully validated yet.
因为该区块的父区块尚未被本地节点处理，因此它们无法被验证。
Detached or Orphaned blocks are valid blocks which are not part of the main chain. They can occur naturally when two miners produce blocks at similar times or they can be caused by an attacker (with enough hashing power) attempting to reverse transactions.
被验证的但不属于主链的区块。有两种情况会产生Orphan Block
1.当两名矿工在相似的时间产生出区块
2.或由一个掌握足够Hash能力攻击者对交易进行反转
4. 其他概念回顾：
Block Height 块链高度：
The number of blocks preceding a particular block on a block chain. For example, the genesis block has a height of zero because zero block preceded it.
Genesis Block:
A genesis block is the first block of a block chain.