A German social philosopher, Oswald Spengler, holds a view
that every great civilization undergoes a process of birth stopping,
growth, and collapse. Furthermore, social change will
back to the stage of his rebirth. A social historian
England, Arnold Toynbee, argues that the history of civilization is
a series of cycles of decline and growth. However,
each civilization has the ability to borrow another culture
and learn from his mistakes to reach that level of civilization
high. One example is the advancement of technology in a
society generally occurs because the process of learning from culture
other.
We can see the truth of this cycle theory from social reality
now. For example, from the behavior of clothing mode, and leadership style
political. For example, in a fashion change of clothes, we are often
seeing the latest apparel fashion is sometimes a clone or
repeating the old clothes model.
In the political field, we also see a change of nature
cycle. Often we see social ceremonies performed
tribal leaders in ancient times were repeated by the leaders
the politics of modern society today, for example,
ceremonies that are worshiping and preserving traditions from generation to generation.
b. Theory of Growth / Linear Theory
According to this theory social change is linear or evolving
leading to a certain destination point. Adherents of this theory believe that
social change can be planned or directed to a point of destination
certain. Society evolves from traditional to community
modern complex. The form of social change according to this theory can be
described as shown in the following figure