The history of the road begins with the history of mankind itself who always aspires to smooth the necessities of life and communicate with others. Thus the development of the road is interconnected with the development of mankind. The development of the road along with the development of technology found in mankind.
Road network which is a land transportation infrastructure that plays an important role in the transportation sector, especially for the continuity of the distribution of goods and services. The existence of the highway is also very necessary to support the rate of economic growth by increasing the means of transportation that can reach remote areas. Therefore, highway planning should aim for the creation of smooth, safe, convenient, fast, efficient and economical traffic.
Roads must have economic requirements according to function, volume and properties. Therefore, it is necessary to plan the highway that meets the planning standards of Bina Marga highway.
In highway planning, geometric shapes are set up in such a way that the roads concerned can provide optimal service to traffic in accordance with the function emphasized on the planning of the physical form of the road that is inseparable from the pavement.
Road geometric planning is part of a plan that determines the stated dimensions of a path and its parts. This geometric planning includes:
- Horizontal Alinemen
Focused on the road bend that meets the technical requirements of traffic.
- Vertical Alignment
Describes the axis elevation planning of elongated profiles, inclines and derivatives.
From the results of geometric planning of this road, then dilaksanaankan pavement. Determination of pavement thickness in accordance with the required highway, also must be adjusted to the technical requirements for the construction of roads are planned optimally. Road pavement generally includes surface layer, base layer, sub base layer, and subgrade layer.
The road pavement is carried out in accordance with the pavement thickness planning according to the age of the plan, or gradually. Furthermore, the pavement layer volume can be calculated.
In the geometric planning of the highway is focused on the planning of a road. The problems must be analyzed, designed and calculated by a planner.
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