JRM 2012 New Varieties of Citrus (Tangerines) - Almost tens of kilograms of oranges were piled up at a supermarket in Malang, East Java Province. However, on the fifth day around 100 kg of oranges were sold out. Consumers invade bright orange, smooth and shiny orange. As soon as the harvest until the fourth day, the orange flavor of JRM-2012 - the name of the new orange - was rather sour.
JRM 2012 Sweet and Hold Up to 60 Days
However, on the fifth day, the orange flavor was sweet. The sweetness level of fruit on the fifth day postpartum reaches 14 ° briks. That is why the supermarket is asking for JRM-2012's orange supply back. Many consumers are indeed looking for JRM-2012 oranges. In addition to sweet, medium-sized tangerine-weight of an average of 120 grams per fruit-it is also durable. The oranges can survive 60 days at room temperature. Because, the pores of JRM fruit skin are relatively tight and the skin of the fruit is quite thick.
Australia
Two months after storage showed that the fruit condition was still good, the color of the reddish orange flesh, the skin remained smooth, and was still suitable for consumption. Because it can last 60 days, of course it can suppress price fluctuations. Another plus, the fruit epidermis is very soft so it can be swallowed with fruit flesh. Besides that, there are apitan fruit, later fruit after a big harvest. Production of 2.5-year-old trees averages 15-20 kg per tree. Unfortunately, supply is still limited. JRM's orange supply came from 30 orange trees JRM-2012 collection of Citrus and Subtropical Research Institute (Balitjestro) in Batu City, East Java Province.
JRM 2012 New Varieties of Citrus
The name JRM actually refers to Jestro, the name of the institution stands for orange and subtropical plants. As for the letter M mandarin acronym, the international term for tangerines. However, JRM-2012 was not from Mandarin, but from Australia. Growers in Queensland, Australia, developed it because it is of high commercial value because of its large size, attractive colors and stable quality. Economic potential is also one of the benefits of JRM orange that supports national fruit production.
Planters can plant JRM-2012 citrus with a population of 400 plants per ha and produce fruit first at the age of 2.5 years, which is 20 kg per tree. With a selling price of Rp 7,500 per kilogram alone, the farmer's turnover is Rp 60 million per year. The income doubled with age.
In fact, JRM prices in supermarkets reached Rp. 15,000 per kg. While the selling price of other oranges was only Rp 10,000 per kg. With these various advantages, the government finally released JRM into a national superior variety in 2014 in accordance with the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia number 040 / Kpts / SR.1201D.2.7 / 6/2014. JRM oranges are suitable for consumers in Indonesia who like sweet oranges.
Almost all consumers of tangerines in Indonesia like sweetness. However, some of the upper middle class people want high vitamin C so that the sweet taste of JRM varieties is the right choice. The Research Institute for Citrus and Subtropical Plants, Arry Supriyanto, brought the varieties of entres in 1987. He then planted them in pots in the screen house of the Punten experimental garden, Batu City, East Java.
Cultivation
Oranges require special environmental conditions to produce maximum. Climate (temperature, sunlight, rainfall) and soil physical properties are environmental factors that are very difficult to control. However, in general JRM-2012 grew well in areas with temperatures of 22-300C. In Indonesia, the condition is located in a mediumland up to 1,100 meters above sea level. The new variety is suitable to be planted in dry climates until wet, optimum rainfall is 1,500-2,500 mm per year with dry months (less than 60 mm) 3-4 months in a row.
The 5-8-hectare soil is suitable for cultivating JRM-2012 citrus. The newcomer grew up on dry or wet land. The ideal groundwater level is 75% to meet the needs in the critical period, namely new growth, flowering, and fertilization. It is better to use the seedlings produced by the grafting or grafting propagation. JRM-2012 variety of grape buds (entres) in the JC stem-stem aged 6-8 months (ready for oculate. Grafting seedlings ready for planting at 4-5 months. Plant spacing of 4 mx 4 m or 3.5 mx 4 m depending on fertility soil.
The planting hole is 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm. Cultivating on rocky soil, digging must be deeper. Balitjestro recommends the use of plastic mulch to prevent weeds that interfere with the availability of nutrients for plants. The right time to plant JRM-2012 citrus seeds at the beginning of the rainy season November-December. Moreover, planting on dry land with limited water availability.
Planting can also be towards the end of the rainy season. The condition is that the planters must be ready to water so that the plant growth is not disturbed The roots of young plants only 50 cm have not been able to utilize water in the deeper layers of the soil, especially in the dry season. Therefore sufficient and regular irrigation during the dry season is very important to help growth and prevent the death of young plants.
Meanwhile water management in adult plants to regulate flowering needs to reduce water (stress) until the leaves roll and then fertilized and watered, so naturally the plants simultaneously flower and bear fruit. JRM-2012 oranges need balanced nutrition to produce optimal production. The new variety starts to bear fruit at the age of 2-2.5 years. Sometimes fruiting ages go back 0.5-1 years due to plants prioritizing vegetative growth. That's usually because plants get enough fertilizer and groundwater conditions are guaranteed. The fruit is ready to harvest when it is 6-7 months after the flower blooms.
Farmers in Batu and Malang City also cultivate oranges in pots or drums. They take care of the plants to bear fruit so that they are more dirty. With excellent appearance, farmers are easy to sell orange trees planted in pots. JRM 2012 also has the potential to be planted in pots because it has open branches so it is more beautiful. Until now Balitjestro-limited production of seeds to get feedback from farmers and prevent the spread of uncontrolled seedlings. (Emi Budiyati, researcher at the Research Institute for Citrus and Subtropical Fruits, Agency for Agricultural Research and Development).