The emergence of the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam which capitalized in Banda Aceh can not be separated from the existence of the Lamuri Islamic Kingdom. At the end of the 15th century, with the establishment of a good relationship with the neighboring kingdom, the throne center of the Lamuri Kingdom was moved to Meukuta Alam. [1] The location of the Meukuta Alam palace is in the Banda Aceh region.
Sultan Ali Mughayat Shah ruled the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam which capitalized in Banda Aceh, only for 10 years. According to an inscription found from the tomb of Sultan Ali Mughayat Syah, the first leader of the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam died at 12 Dhul-Hijjah Year 936 Hijri or coinciding with August 7, 1530 AD. Although the reign of Sultan Mughayat Syah is relatively short, but he managed to build Banda Aceh as the center of Islamic civilization in Southeast Asia. At this time, Banda Aceh has evolved into one of the city's central defense that secured the maritime trade routes and the traffic of pilgrims from piracy by the Portuguese fleet.
At the time of Sultan Iskandar Muda, Banda Aceh grew back as a maritime trading center, especially for pepper commodities which at that time was very high demand from Europe. Iskandar Muda made Banda Aceh a world park, starting from the palace complex. The palace complex of the Sultanate of Aceh is also named Darud Dunya (World Park).
During the second Dutch aggression, there was a massive evacuation of Aceh troops out of Banda Aceh which was later celebrated by Van Swieten by proclaiming the fall of the sultanate of Aceh and changing the name of Banda Aceh to Kuta King. After entering the banner of the Government of the new Republic of Indonesia since December 28, 1962 the city's name was again changed to Banda Aceh based on the Decree of the Minister of Public Administration and Regional Autonomy dated May 9, 1963. Dec 52/1 / 43-43
On December 26, 2004, the city was hit by a tsunami tidal wave caused by the 9.2 Richter scale earthquake in the Indonesian Ocean. This disaster swallowed hundreds of thousands of people and destroyed more than 60% of the city's buildings. Based on statistics released by Banda Aceh City Government, the total population of Banda Aceh City until the end of May 2012 is 248,727 inhabitants.
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