How to plant shallots with seeds is covering several activities, among others:
Soil Processing
The way of cultivation of onion using seeds begins with the process of soil processing. The soil should be textured crumbs so as to support the growth of bulbs.
After that, make the bunds with a width of 1 meter. For the length of 15 meter ridges are given manure as much as ± 50 kg, and mixed with husk ash. Can also be added SP 36 and Furadan if the soil is a caterpillar.
Seedlings
Seeding of onion seeds is done by making strips of long lanes with a distance of 10 cm lane. The seeds are sown evenly on the lane with a 1 cm thick, cover with charcoal husk or thin manure. Close the seedlings with straw, then do watering regularly every day.
After sowing for 4-5 days, the seeds begin to grow. Straw can be removed from the bunds, but young seedlings still need to be shaded so as not to be exposed to direct sunlight. After the seeds are 20 - 25 days, shade is not needed. Seedlings have been strong enough to be exposed to direct sunlight. And at the age of 40 - 45 days, the seeds can be planted in the field.
Planting is done by spacing (5 - 10) x (5 - 10) cm. When planting, the land should be flooded with water, so the seeds grow faster.
Planting
How to plant shallots at 40-45 days seedlings ready to be moved. The planting should be done in the flooded soil so that the seedlings grow faster. The spacing of onions should be 5-10 cm.
Fertilization
For fertilization, you should use a balanced fertilizer. For example, NPK fertilizers that meet the principles of 16-16-16. For micro-fertilizers can be mixed with macro fertilizer provided the appropriate dose is given. Fertilization done as much as 3-4 times begins at the age of 2-4 weeks after planting move, with a grace period of 2-3 weeks during planting. The fertilizer used is about 150-200 kg / ha.
Pest Control
Fertilization is too routine or intensive will result in the emergence of weeds that will disrupt the growth of shallot crops. Therefore, it is necessary to control manually by removing weeds around the plant. If necessary sprayed herbicide when sugar is still small.
Pests that need to get a lot of attention are grayak worms and purple patches and white patches. Grayak caterpillars usually attack the leaves of the plant.
The way of control can be done mechanically. When the symptoms appear on the bite of red onion leaves, immediately do the cutting on the leaf. If necessary also can use Biothion and Crumble insecticides.
White and purple spots are very harmful to the onion because it will kill plants in a short time. Control can use fungicides, for example Dithane M-45 and Delsene.
Harvest and Post Harvest
Harvesting is done when the plants are 65-75 days after planting, marked with the leaves have begun to fall and the tubers sticking to the soil surface. How to harvest is to pull the plants and dry them under the sun directly or placed on the para-para.
To survive 1-2 years if the post-harvest handling is good. One good way of storage is to store above para-para.
Hopefully Helpful.