Often, diabetic predispositions have no signs or symptoms. But one possible sign that you are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes is darkening of the skin in certain areas of the body. Common areas include neck, armpits, elbows, knees and joints.
Traditional risk signals that suggest you have moved from "diabetes predispositions" to "type 2 diabetes" include:
Excessive thirst.
Frequent urination.
- Fatigue.
- The vision is distorted.
the reasons
The main cause of diabetes mellitus is unknown, although family history and hereditary history play an important role in the incidence of diabetes.
Researchers have discovered some genes associated with insulin resistance. It also appears that excess fat, especially in the abdominal area and inactivity, are important factors of the development of early diabetes.
It is clear that people with diabetes do not properly process glucose.
This causes the accumulation of sugar in the blood, instead of doing its normal function of supplying cells that form muscles and other tissues powered.
Most of the glucose in the body comes from the foods we eat, specifically foods that contain carbohydrates.
Any food that contains carbohydrates can affect blood sugar levels, not just sugary foods.
During digestion, sugar enters the blood stream; and with the help of insulin, it enters the cells of the body where it is used as an energy source.
Insulin hormone comes from the gland located behind the stomach (pancreas), and when eating, the pancreas secrete insulin in the bloodstream. As insulin spreads, it acts as a key that opens the microscopic doors that allow sugar to enter the cells of the body.
Insulin reduces the amount of sugar in the bloodstream; because of low blood sugar level, the pancreas secrete insulin.
When you have diabetes, this process begins to work incorrectly. Instead of supplying the cells with energy, the sugar accumulates in the bloodstream. This occurs when the pancreas does not release enough insulin or the cells of the body become more resistant to the action of insulin or both.
* Risk factors
The same factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes increase the risk of diabetes mellitus, including:
Weight
Weight gain is the main risk factor for diabetes. The more the body's tissues are greasy, especially within and between the muscles and the skin around the abdomen, the more the body's cells become resistant to insulin.
2- Waist size
The large waistline can indicate insulin resistance, and the risk of men with a waist measurement greater than 40 inches and women with a waist measurement greater than 35 inches.
3. Idle
The less active you are, the greater your risk of diabetes. Physical activity helps you control your weight, uses glucose that is produced as an energy source and makes your cells more insulin-sensitive.
4. Age
Although diabetes can occur at any age, the risk of diabetes mellitus increases with age, especially after 45 years of age. This may be because people tend to exercise less, lose muscle mass and gain weight as they age. .
5. Family history
The risk of diabetes mellitus increases if a parent or relative has type 2 diabetes.
6. Race
Although it is not clear why, people of certain ethnicities include Americans of African descent, Hispanic, Asian, Native American or Pacific Islanders who are more likely to develop diabetes.
7 - gestational diabetes
If you have been diagnosed with gestational diabetes when you are pregnant, you are more likely to develop diabetes later.
If you have a child weighing more than 9 pounds (4.1 kg), you are also at increased risk of developing diabetes.
8- Multicyclic ovarian syndrome
For women, polycystic ovary syndrome, a common condition characterized by irregular menstrual cycle, excessive hair growth and obesity, increases the risk of diabetes.
9. Sleep
Research has linked sleeping problems, such as obstructive sleep apnea, and increased risk of insulin resistance. Sleep apnea is a sleep disturbance that causes sleep apnea several times during sleep, leading to poor sleep quality. People who work in variable shifts or night shifts may cause potential sleep problems, which may increase their risk of developing diabetes or type 2 diabetes.
Other conditions associated with diabetes include:
- Hypertension.
- Low levels of HDL, or "good" cholesterol.
- High levels of triglycerides, a type of fat in the blood.
When these conditions occur, besides obesity, they are associated with insulin resistance. Three or more of these conditions are often referred to as metabolic syndrome.
Complications
The worsening of the disease to type 2 diabetes is the most serious outcome of untreated diabetes mellitus, because type 2 diabetes can lead to other complications, such as:
- Hypertension.
High cholesterol. - Heart disease.
- brain attack.
- Kidney disease.
- blindness.
- Amputation.
- protection
Healthy lifestyle options can help you prevent diabetes onset and development of type 2 diabetes, even if diabetes is inherited in your family.
- Eat healthy foods.
- Exercise more physical activity.
- lose weight.
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