Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
Rumus :
( + ) S + V1 (s/es)
( - ) S + do/does + not + V1
( ? ) Do/does + S + V11. Simple Present Tense
Simple Present Tense adalah suatu bentuk kalimat yang menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada saat sekarang atau kejadian yang merupakan kebiasaan sehari-hari.
Example :
( + ) I drink coffee. (Saya minum kopi.)
( - ) I don’t coffee. (Saya tidak minum kopi.)
( ? ) Do you drink coffee? (Apakah kamu minum kopi?)
2. Present Continuous Tense
Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung atau sedang dikerjakan, dan belum selesai di waktu sekarang.
Rumus :
( + ) S + to be + Ving
( - ) S + to be + not + Ving
( ? ) to be + S + Ving
Example :
( + ) I am waiting a letter now
Saya sedang menulis surat sekarang.
( - ) They are not speaking English
Mereka tidak sedang berbicara Bahasa Inggris.
( ? ) Is he watching TV now?
Apakah dia sedang nonton TV sekarang?
- Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tenses digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau persitiwa yang sedang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan masih ada hubungannya dengan saat sekarang.
Rumus :
( + ) S + have/has + V3
( - ) S + have/has + Not + V3
( ? ) Have/has + S + V3
Example : ( + ) He has lived there for two years ago. Dia telah tinggal di sana selama dua tahun. ( - ) They haven’t come here yet.
Mereka belum datang kemari. ( ? ) Have you eaten your bread? Apakah kamu sudah makan rotimu?
- Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang dimulai dari waktu lampau dan masin terus berlangsung hingga waktu sekarang
Rumus :
( + ) S + have/has + been + Ving
( - ) S + have/has + not + been + Ving
( ? ) Have/has + S been + Ving
Example :
( + ) I have been studying English for over nine years.
Saya telah belajar bahasa inggris selama lebih dari Sembilan tahun.
( - ) They haven’t been swimming since January .
Mereka belum berenang lagi sejak bulan January.
( ? ) Has she been studying English for two year?
Apakah dia teleh mempelajari bahsa Inggris selama dua tahun?
Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)
- Simple Past Tense
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang telah terjadi pada waktu lampau dan tidak ada hubungannya dengan masa sekarang.
Rumus :
( + ) S + V2
( - ) S + did not + V1
( ? ) Did + S + V1
Example :
( + ) I went to Campus yesterday.
Saya pergi ke Kampus kemarin.
- ) I did not go to Campus yesterday.
Saya tidak pergi ke Kampus kemarin.
( ? ) Did you go to Campus yesterday?
Apakah kamu pergi ke Kampus kemarin?
- Past Continuous Tense
Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang beralangsung pada waktu lampau ketika kejadian lain terjadi.
Rumus :
( + ) S + was/were + Ving
( - ) S + was/were + not + Ving
( ? ) Was/were + S + Ving
Example :
( + ) I was listening to radio when the telephone rang
Saya sedang mengdengarkan radio ketika telepon berbunyi.
( - ) I wasn’t watching TV when you phoned me.
Saya tidak sedang menonton TV ketika anda menelpon saya.
( ? ) Were you Watching TV when I called you?
Apakah kamu sedang menonton TV ketika saya menelpon kamu?7. Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menerangkan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah selesai dilakukan pada waktu lampau.
Rumus :
( + ) S + had + V3
( - ) S + had + not + V3
( ? ) Had + S + V3
Example :
( + ) I had gone when He arrived at my Home.
Saya pergi ketika dia tiba di rumah saya.
( - ) She hadn’t been at home.
Dia tidak ada di rumah.
( ? ) Had you studied English when your father come here?
Apakah kamu telah belajar Bahasa Inggris ketika ayahmu ke sini?
- Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih berlangsung terus hingga pada waktu yang lampau pula.
Rumus :
( + ) S + had + been + Ving
( - ) S + had + not + been + Ving
( ? ) Had + S + been + Ving
Example :
( + ) He had been living in here before he moved to Semarang.
Dia telah tinggal di sini, sebelum dia pindah ke Semarang.
( - ) They had not been sleeping until I can me to meet him.
Mereke belum sedang tidur hingga saya menemui mereka.
( ? ) Had she been finishing her duty before her leader inspected it?
Apakah dia sudah menyelesaikan tugas-tugasnya sebelum pimpinannya memeriksanya?
Future Tense (Akan Datang)
Rumus :9. Future Tense
Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi atau dilakukan pada waktu yang akan datang. Ciri penandanya misalnya terdapat kata tomorrow, next month, next year, next saturday, dan sebagainya.
( + ) S + will + V1
( - ) S + will + not + V1
( ? ) Will + S + V1
Example :
( + ) I will do to Jakarta next week.
Saya akan ke Jakarta minggu depan.
( - ) They will not sail to the sea.
Mereka tidak akan berlayar ke lautan.
( ? ) What will she do then?
Apa yang akan dia lakukan selanjutnya?
- Future Continuous Tense
Future Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang
Rumus :
( + ) S + will + be + Ving
( - ) S + will + not + be + Ving
( ? ) Will + S + be + Ving
Example :
( + ) My mother will be teaching math at o’clock next week.
Ibu saya akan (sedang) mengajar matematika jam delapan minggu depan.
( - ) We shall not be working at 7 p.m.
Kita tidak akan (sedang) bekerja pada jam tujuh malam besok.
( ? ) Will you be going out if she comes here to night?
Akan Anda akan (sedang) keluar, jika dia datang ke sini nanti malam?11. Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan segera selesai pada waktu yang akan datang.
Rumus :
( + ) S + will + have + V3
( - ) S + will + not have + V3
( ? ) Will + S + have + V3
Example :
( + ) She will have been at home.
Dia akan telah berada di rumah.
( - ) The wild cat will not have been here for a year by next month.
Kucing liar itu belum akan sudah di sini selama setahun setahun menjelang bulan ini.
( ? ) Will you have been a doctor by next year?
Akan Anda sudah menjado dokter tahun depan?12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lapau tetapi mungkin akan berlangsung pada waktu yang berlainan di masa mendatang.
Rumus :
( + ) S + will + have + been + Ving
( - ) S + will + not + have + been + Ving
( ? ) Will + S + have + been + Ving
Example :
( + ) By next new year I shall have been teaching at this SMU for three years.
Menjelang tahun baru mendatang, (berarti) tiga tahun saya mengajar di SMU ini.
( - ) I shall not have been staying here for five years by the end by month.
Saya belum akan sudah tinggal di sini selama lima tahun menjelang akhir bulan ini.
( ? ) Will she have been leaving the town for two years by end of this year?
Apakah kamu akan sudah meninggalkan kota ini menjelang akhir tahun ini?
Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
- Past Future Tense
Past Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbutan atau peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu lampau.
Rumus :
( + ) S + should/would + V1
( - ) S + should/would + not + V1
( ? ) should/would + S + V1
Example :
( + ) I would be there the week before.
Saya mestinya berada di sana minggu sebelumnya.
( - ) I should not give money if you to my shop.
Saya tidak akan member uang jika kau datang ke tokoku.
( ? ) Would he buy a shoes last month ?
Akankan ia membeli sepatu bulan lalu?
- Past Future Continuous Tense
Past Future Continuous Tenses ialah bentuk waktu untuk menyatakan perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang dilaksanakan dimasa lampau.
Rumus :
( + ) S + would + be + Ving
( - ) S + would + not + be + Ving
( ? ) Would + S + be + Ving
Example :
( + ) I should be beginning an examination at this time following day.
Saya akan sedang memulai ujian pada jam ini di hari berikutnya.
( - ) We couldn’t be playing at six o’clock yesterday moorning.
Pukul enam kemarin pagi kita tidak akan sedang bermain.
( ? ) Would you be playing a chess at three o’clock yesterday?
Apakah kamu akan sedang bermain catur pada jam tiga kemarin?15. Past Future Perfect Tense
Past Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah selasai pada waktu lampau atau menyatakan pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya sudah pasti tidak akan terpenuhi.
Rumus :
( + ) S + would + have + V3
( - ) S + would + not + have + be + V3
( ? ) Would + S + have + V3
Example :
( + ) I should have been at home if you had invited me
Saya akan sudah berada di rumah jika kamu telah mengundanku.
( - ) He would not have graduated if he hadn’t studied hard.
Dia tidak akan lulus seandainya dia tidak belajar dengan giat.
( ? ) Would your aunt have wedded with my uncle if my father had been agreed?
Apakah bibimu akan sudah menikah dengan pamanku, seandainya ayahku sudah
menyetujuinya?
- Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah sedang akan berlangsung pada waktu lampau.
Rumus :
( + ) S + would + have + been + Ving
( - ) S + would + not + have + been + Ving
( ? ) Would + S + have + been + Ving
Example :
( + ) We should have been teaching English at SMP for three years by the end of last year.
Kami akan sudah sedang mengajar bahasa inggris di SMP selama tiga tahun menjelang tahun lalu.)
( - ) You would not have been studying mathematics for two month, by the end of lastmonth
(Kamu belum akan sudah belajar matematika selama dua bulan menjelang akhir bulan lalu.)
( ? ) Would they have been waiting for me for three hours by Last Sunday?
(Apakah mereka akan sudah sedang menungguku selama tiga jam menjelang hariminggu lalu?)
- Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
a. Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)
Rumus :
- } S + V1 + O/C
- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C
? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Example :
+} Sisca Reads book everyday
-} Sisca does not Read book everyday
?} does Sisca Read book everyday
Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)For I, We, You, They = doHe, She, It = Does
Contoh kalimat :(+) She is a new people here.
(+) He plays football every morning
(-) She isn’t a new people here.
(-) He does not playing football every morning.
(?) Is she a new people here?
(?) How playing football every morning?
b. Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)
Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.
Rumus :
- } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C >>
- } They are playing badmintoon now
- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >>
- } They are not playing badmintoon now
? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C >>
? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?Yes They are / no they are notFor I = amThey, we, you = areHe, She, It = Is
Contoh dalam kalimat :
(+) He is playing badminton now
(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.
c. Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb+main verb
Contoh :
(+) you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome
(?) have you finished?
d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
(+): S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?): Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have been riding a horse for three days
(-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We haven’t been riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she been going to Malang ?
(?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ?
- Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)
a. Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)
Rumus :
+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C
-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C
?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C
Example :
+} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday?
} were we at school yesterday ?
For I, He, She, It = WasThey, we, you = were
Contoh :
(+) I saw a good film last night
(+) He came here last month
(-) I saw not a good film last night
(-) He came not last month
(?) Saw I a good film last night
(?) Came He here last month
b. Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)
Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week
(+) They were talking about sport when I met him
(-) He wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week
(-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week
(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him
c. Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
(+): S + had + V3
(-): S + had + not + V3
(?): Had + S + V3
Contoh :
(+) When my brother arrived , I had PAINTED my motor cycle
(+) The ship had left before I arrived
(-) When my brother arrived , I hadn’t PAINTED my motor cycle
(-) The ship hadn’t left before I arrived
(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?
d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
Subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) They had been living there for two month
(+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton
(-) They hadn’t been living there for two month
(-) When they washed my dress , your father hadn’t been playing badminton
(?) Had they been living there for two month?
(?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?
- Future Tense (Akan Datang)
Rumus :
Subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verba. Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)
Contoh :
(+) I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.
(+) he will met girl friend by seven o’clock
(?) Will he go to America next month?
(+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
b. Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)
Rumus :
Subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Rumus :
Subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verbContoh :
(+) I will be writing a comic.
(+) I will be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ?
c. Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)
Contoh :
(+) I will have finishedby 10am.
(+) You will have forgottenme by then.
(-) She will not have goneto school.
(-) We will not have left.
(?) Will you have arrived?
(?) Will they have receivedit?
d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
Subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will have been reading a news paper.
(+) He will have been listening music.
(-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.
(-) He will haven’t listening a music.
(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He have listening a music ?
- Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
a. Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + V1
Negatif: S + would + not + V1
Tanya: Would + S + V1
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + be + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + be + VingContoh :
(+) He would come if you invited him.
(+) They would buy a home the previous day.
(-) He wouldn’t come if invited him.
(-) They wouldn’t buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would He come if invited him ?
(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?
b. Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)
(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.
(+) I shall be sliping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I shalln’t be sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?
(?) Shall I be sleeping at10 o’clock tomorrow ?
c. Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + V3
Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3
Tanya: Would + S + have + V3
(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.
(+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week.
(-) He wouldn’t have gone if he had met his darling
(-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week
(?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?
(?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ?
d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense(Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + been + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Ving
Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years(+)
Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years(+)
Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years(-)
Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year(-)
Rianawati wouldn’t have been speaking English for two years(?)
Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?(?)
Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?