A Kawasaki disease is a pediatric acute systemic inflammatory illness that is also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. The cause for this kind of a disease is still unknown but others proclaimed that it can may be associated with an infection from an organism or toxin. And cardiac involvement is one of the most serious complications of a Kawasaki disease and aneurysm might develop later on if not treated appropriately.
Possible Signs and Symptoms of Kawasaki Disease
The Acute Stage
Fever
Conjunctival hyperemia
Red throat
Swollen hands, rash, and enlargement of cervical lymph nodes
The Subacute Stage
Cracking lips and fissures
Desquamation of the skin on the tips of the fingers and toes
Joint pain
Cardiac manifestations
Thrombocytosis
The Convalescent Stage
Chid with Kawasaki illnesses may appear normal but the signs of inflammation may also be present.
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Interventions for the Kawasaki Disease
Monitor your child's temperature rate frequently
Heart sound and heart rhythm should be assessed too
Determine if the edema of the extremities is present as well as redness and desquamation
Examine eyes for conjunctivitis
Monitor child's mucus membranes for possible inflammation
Take note child's intake and output
Administration of soft foods and liquids must not given in cold or hot form
Weigh the child daily
Provide passive range of motion exercises to promote and facilitate joint movement and circulation
Administration of acetylsalicylic acid as prescribed by the doctor maybe needed, for its antipyretic and antiplatelet effects.
Additional anticoagulant drugs may be necessary also if aneurysms are present
Administration of immunoglobulin intravenously as prescribed to reduce the duration of the fever and the incidence of coronary artery lesions and aneurysms; intravenous immunoglobulin is a kind of a blood product.
Parent Education for Kawasaki Disease
- Follow up care is important for a fast recovery
- Signs and symptoms of the Kawasaki Disease:
Irritability that may last for 2 months after the onset of symptoms, parents must be discussed appropriately:
Peeling of hands and feet
Pain in the joins that may persist for several weeks
Stiffness in the morning, after naps and in cold temperatures
- Fever is expected, that is why record the temperature rate until the child doesn't exhibit fever for several days
- Notify the health care provider if the child's temperature is above 101F ( 38.3 C).
- Notify parents of the possible signs of aspirin toxicity includes tinnitus, headache, vertigo and bruising. Do not administer aspirin or any products that contain aspirin if the child has been exposed to chicken flu.
- Parents should be cautious for some signs and symptoms of bleeding, like epistaxis (nose bleeding), hemoptysis (coughing of blood), hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematuria ( blood in the urine, melena( blood in the stool) and other bruises in the body.
- Parents must note for signs and symptoms of cardiac complications include chest pain and tightness ( for older children), cool and pale extremities, pain in the abdominal area, nausea and vomiting, irritability, restlessness and the uncontrollable crying of the child.
- If the child is taking aspirin, the child must avoid any kinds of contact sports.
- Administration of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) or varicella vaccines to a child that is 11 months after intravenous immunoglobulin therapy should be avoided appropriately.
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