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Definition
Acute respiratory tract infection is an infection that interferes with a person's respiratory process. The infection is commonly caused by a virus that attacks the nose, trachea (breathing pipes), or even the lungs. Acute respiratory tract infections cause respiratory function becomes disrupted. If not immediately treated, the infection can spread to the rest of the respiratory system and cause the body does not get enough hoxygen. This condition can be fatal, even resulted in death. Respiratory tract infections or respiratory tract infections are infections that attack the human respiratory tract. This infection is caused by bacteria or viruses. There are two types of respiratory tract infections based on its location, i.e. respiratory tract infections up and down. Upper respiratory tract infections occur in the nasal cavity, sinuses, and throat. Some illnesses are included in upper respiratory tract infections are colds, sinusitis, tonsillitis, and laryngitis. While the lower respiratory tract Infection or occurs in the airway and lungs. Some types of diseases that are included in these infections are bronchitis, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis. Respiratory tract infections can be experienced by all ages. However, these conditions are more vulnerable suffered by children because their body defense system against viruses cause infection has not yet been formed.
Causes Of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections
Respiratory are caused by viruses and bacteria. And the following are some of the causes of the emergence of respiratory microorganisms:
1. Andeno virus.
Respiratory disorders such as colds, bronchitis, and pneumonia can be caused by the virus because the virus has many types of
2. Rhinovirus
This type of virus usually infected in children and people with weak immune systems. This virus will result in the sufferer colds and respiratory could turn into a serious stage.
3. Pneomokokus
Pneomokokus is a type of bacteria that can cause meningitis. However, these bacteria can trigger other breathing disorders, such as Pneumonia.
In addition to these three factors above as for other factors that could cause the spread of respiratory:
1. Environmental Factors
This environmental factor is very important. need to know, If your environment is not healthy or in poor condition this could pose a risk of respiratory disease will cause even more. From these environmental factors we have to consider is the neighbourhood that is home. Since most people spend more time indoors, therefore we should keep it clean. One example, cigarette smoke and smoke from burning cooking. With a high concentration of smoke can damage lung defense mechanisms and this will make it easier for the incidence of acute respiratory tract infections. Why is this so? This can occur because of a lack of ventilation in the House. did you know that the vents in the House are very important ones? The ventilation of the House has many functions such as the place of exit of the entry of air, freeing the air Chamber from the smell of smoke, dust and other substances by means of dilution air, the manipulation of heat due to the heat loss of the building and space, disable the air temperature evenly. Besides residential density in the home can affect the incidence of the disease in which the State of residence halls can increase pollution factors within the home. Research shows there is a meaningful relationship between density and mortality from bronchopneumonia in infants, but mentioned that air pollution, social, and educational levels gave a high correlation in this case.
2. individual Factors
Most of the other factors is to maintain the cleanliness of your own self. Everyone should be able to maintain the cleanliness of her, because this is very useful to avoid a variety of ailments, including respiratory. Did you know that most people forget many little things in maintaining the cleanliness of her. For example such as forgetting to wash hands. Some people sometimes underestimate this. You need to know that this could have an impact is very bad as the emergence of infectious diseases, and could even be deadly.
Symptoms Of Respiratory Tract Infection
Upper respiratory tract infection symptoms may include coughing, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, muscle pain, headache, and fever. These symptoms usually last for 3 to 14 days. While the symptoms of lower respiratory tract infections can be either cough phlegm so, shortness of breath, wheezing, and fever. In children and infants, other symptoms that may arise, it is difficult to eat, fret, and sleep disorders. Respiratory symptoms which would cause mainly occur on the nose and lungs. Generally, this symptom appears in response to toxins released by the bacteria or virus that attaches in the respiratory tract. Examples of respiratory symptoms among others:
- Frequent sneezing
- Nasal congestion or watery.
- The lung feels inhibited.
- Coughing and throat pain.
- Often feel tiredness and fever occurred.
- The body feels pain.
When respiratory symptoms are severe, grew more serious will appear, such as:
- Dizziness
- Difficulty breathing.
- High fever and chills.
- Low levels of oxygen in the blood.
- Decreased consciousness and even fainting.
Respiratory symptoms usually lasts between one to two weeks, where most sufferers will experience an improvement of symptoms after the first week. For cases of acute sinusitis, symptoms will usually lasts less than one month, whereas for acute infection in lungs symptoms such as bronchitis, lasted less than three weeks.
Treatment Of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections
1. Warm Water Compress
To cope with the spread of respiratory diseases in people with fever you can wipe or compresses an unused by using warm water, the trick is to input the small towel into container that already contains a warm water. But don't get too hot as it will cause the skin blister, sufferers compresses the warm towel right above the forehead until her fever sufferers down. In addition so that sufferers are not cold when taking a bath, you can prepare a warm water bath for him. This will help reduce the symptoms of fever and respiratory disease posed.
2. Make Sure Multiply Drink
On respiratory disease sufferers, he will produce a very thick mucus from his nose, now to overcome this you can give a more fluid intake. Like the watered white water running mates so that the liquid is thick but not be diluted. Because in a viscous fluid, the virus will be increasingly easy to reproduce in the body of the sufferer.
3. Avoid Consuming Cold Foods
Sufferers of respiratory diseases are not allowed to consume cold meal as it comes from the freezer. Because cold food will make your fever is increasingly becoming worse, so that sufferers of respiratory diseases will require a long time to heal.
4. Avoid Air Pollution
Because this disease attacks the respiratory tract, so it will be very important to keep the air around is always clean and avoid pollution, either smoke or dust. Because if the sufferer many inhaling air pollution would cause complications in the form of inflammation of the lungs. You can put on a mask to sufferers when out of the room. Most of the sufferers of respiratory diseases can be cured by itself without having to consume the drug. But if after doing the above non pharmacological therapy there has not been an increase for 1 week, better bring this respiratory disease sufferers to the doctor.
Complications Of Respiratory Tract Infections
The complications that commonly arise due to upper respiratory tract infections are secondary infections due to bacteria, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, middle ear infections (otitis media), or meningitis that spreads from sinusitis. While the complications that can arise due to the lower respiratory tract infections include sepsis, pulmonary abscess, empyema, pleural effusion and.
Prevention Of Respiratory Tract Infections
There are several ways that can be done to reduce the risk of getting respiratory tract infections, including:
- Eat a balanced nutritious and healthy food.
- Exercise regularly.
- Quit smoking and avoid cigarette smoke.
- Reduce stress levels.
- Avoid direct contact with sufferers of the infection.
- Wash your hands after doing the activities.
- Always close the mouth and nose every sneeze or cough.
- Keep clean themselves and stuff around.
In addition to the aforementioned ways, giving the flu vaccine to protect themselves from respiratory tract infections can also be done, especially in children. For mothers who have babies, it is recommended to breastfeed her baby in order to help strengthen their immune system. To prevent the spread of respiratory and treat her mother can do the following:
- Keep your nutrition and family circumstances in order to remain good. Provide exclusive breast milk in your baby.
- Maintain a clean and healthy living patterns, rest/sleep and exercise regularly.
- Get used to wash your hands regularly using SOAP and water or hand sanitizer, especially after contact with sufferers of respiratory. Teach children to diligent hand-washing to prevent the Spread of respiratory and other infectious diseases.
- Do immunization on your child. Immunisation can prevent the Spread of respiratory influenza immunization, immunization include DPT-Hib immunization, and PVC/DaPT-Hib.
- Avoid touching your nose or mouth after contact with the flu. Immediately wash your hands with SOAP and water or hand sanitizer after contact with sufferers of respiratory.
- Strive is a pretty indoor ventilation/respiratory diseases treatment, home
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