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Gastroparesis is a condition in which your stomach cannot empty itself of food in a normal fashion. It can be caused by damage to the vagus nerve, which regulates the digestive system. A damaged vagus nerve prevents the muscles in the stomach and intestine from functioning, preventing food from moving through the digestive system properly.
Gastroparesis can interfere with normal digestion, cause nausea and vomiting, and cause problems with blood sugar levels and nutrition. The cause of gastroparesis is usually unknown. Sometimes it's a complication of diabetes, and some people develop gastroparesis after surgery.
Signs and symptoms of gastroparesis include:
Vomiting
Nausea
A feeling of fullness after eating just a few bites
Vomiting undigested food eaten a few hours earlier
Acid reflux
Abdominal bloating
Abdominal pain
Changes in blood sugar levels
Known causes of gastroparesis include:
poorly controlled type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes
a complication of some types of surgery – such as weight loss (bariatric) surgery or removal of part of the stomach (gastrectomy)
Controlling underlying conditions
High levels of glucose (sugar) in blood tends to slow gastric emptying. Therefore it is important to lower blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes to near normal levels with diets and medications. Individuals with a deficiency of thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) should be treated with thyroid hormone.
Certain health conditions can make it harder for your stomach to empty, increasing your chances of developing gastroparesis. The risk factors include:
diabetes mellitus
infection
some cancer treatments
eating disorders, like anorexia and bulimia
hypothyroidism (overactive thyroid)
Parkinson’s disease
autoimmune disease
Gastric emptying study: This is the most important test used in making a diagnosis of gastroparesis. It involves eating a light meal, such as eggs and toast, that contains a small amount of radioactive material. A scanner that detects the movement of the radioactive material is placed over your abdomen to monitor the rate at which food leaves your stomach.
Medications Prescribed for Gastroparesis:
Metoclopramide
Domperidone
Erythromycin
Cisapride
How is gastroparesis treated?
Gastroparesis is a chronic (long-lasting) condition. This means that treatment usually doesn’t cure the disease, but you can manage it and keep it under control. People who have diabetes should try to control their blood glucose levels to reduce the problems of gastroparesis.
source:https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/gastroparesis
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/gastroparesis
source:
https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-disorders-gastroparesis#1
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastroparesis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355787
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastroparesis/symptoms-causes/dxc-20323133
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gastroparesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx
http://patients.gi.org/topics/gastroparesis/
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/gastroparesis
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/313873.php
