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What is OA???
Osteoarthritis of the knee is one of the common conditions experienced by patients in physio clinics. These patients will complain on both sides of the knee and sometimes patients present late have knee deformities. Osteoatritis can be classified as Primary Osteoatritis when there is no clear initial occurrence factor or Secondary Osteoarthritis when there is an early pathology in the joints involved.
CAUSES
There are various factors that can lead to Osteoarthritis. Aging is one of the reasons. With increased age, the cartilage will lose water and the contents of "proteoglycans" thus reduce its elasticity and make it weaker. Traumatic or past inflammatory diseases such as septic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can damage articular cartilage and cause early development of osteoarthritis. Genetic defects in type II collagen synthesis are also involved in the development of this condition.
There are three major pathological features of x-ray patients with Osteoarthritis:
- Spinning of joint space
- Subcondral cyst formation
- Articular surface skeletal
In the early stages, the occurrence of softening and phenomenon in articular cartilage. This incident followed the progressive decomposition of the cartilage that led to the bones under it. Meanwhile, at the end of the joint, there is osteophytic formation or some growth of small bones. The bones beneath the damaged cartilage are compact and sclerotic and usually there is one or more cysts containing a thick gelatinous surrounding it. This happens due to the formation of new bone replacing the old bone loss due to the process of decomposition.
SYMPTOMS
Patients will always complain about blunt disease in the joints and it's getting worse today. Usually this pain increases by weight gain and physical movement and is relaxed with breaks.
They will also complain about joint stiffness especially after sitting for a long time.
Other complaints include swelling in the joints involved followed by secondary defects in the capricular contraction or joint instability.
In severe cases, the patient may have suddenly locked (locked) when walking due to loose elements.
The most distressing signs are pain and loss of function in the joint joint which limits daily activities.
These symptoms can be worsen if obese patients lead to higher loads and mechanical stress on certain parts of the articular surface (joint).
If examined, there may be swelling, disability, and muscle contraction due to the long-term problem of the joint involved.
If the formation of osteophytes is rigid, the surface of the bones will become uneven. The range of joint joint movements will be limited.
Caterpillars or gruff sounds may be felt throughout the joints.
