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Historical Origins of Stone of Hajar Aswad
Revealing the History of the Black Stone and its Relation to the Ka'ba
The origin of the stone of Hajar Aswad can not be separated from the history of the Ka'bah itself.
Development of the Ka'bah, according to the Qur'an in the letter of al-Baqarah verse 127 done by Ibrahim and his son, Ismail.
It is narrated that God showed to Abraham that they should do development, a place very close to the well of Zamzam, eventually Ibrahim and Ismail began working on the construction of the Ka'bah sometime in 2130 BC.
As the construction progressed, Ibrahim realized that there were so many components of the Ka'bah that could not be made because of the lack of material, so that he and Ishmael went through some mountains to carry the rocks with the aim of completing the construction of the Ka'bah.
Even after the entire section of the Ka'bah was completed, Ibrahim still felt that there was an important part missing. There is one source who says that Ibrahim ordered Ishmael to find another stone that could give "signals" to mankind.
Hearing this, Ishmael went from one hill to another just to look for a stone that could be a sign and give a sign to all mankind, and it was at this time that the angel Gabriel was sent by God to bring a stone which he supposedly used to be white and gave it to Ismail.
Finding the beautiful white stone, Ishmael returned home and how happy Ibrahim saw the stone he was carrying. Ismail then answered Ibrahim's question about the location of this stone with the answer "I accept this from someone who will not burden my children and grandchildren (Gabriel)" then Ibrahim kiss the stone, and the movement is then followed by Ismail.
History The origin of the Stone of Hajar Aswad resumed after the stone was laid by Ibrahim at the eastern corner of the Ka'bah.
Right after that, Ibrahim got the revelation that God commanded him to go and proclaimed that mankind should make a pilgrimage so that Arabia could be visited by people from far away.
Some researchers believe that the Kaaba was actually built in 2130 BC. This calendar is judged to be consistent with Muslims' belief that the Kaaba is the first and oldest mosque in history.
According to the Samaritan literature, in a book called Secrets of Moses it is written that Ishmael and his eldest son Nebaioth were the ones who built the Kaaba and the city of Mecca.
This book is believed to have been written in the 10th century, while there are other opinions that consider this book written in the second half of the 3rd century BC.
Hajar Aswad himself has actually become something that is respected even before the da'wah about Islam by Muhammad. When the era of Muhammad arrived, this stone has also been associated with the Kaaba.
Karen Armstrong in his book Islam: A Short History, writes that the Ka'bah is dedicated to Hubal, one of the gods in the beliefs of Nabataea, and in it there are 365 idols that represent one day a year.
According to Ibn Ishaq who was the biographer of Muhammad in the early era, the Ka'bah itself is considered a goddess, three generations before Islam emerged. Middle Eastern semitic cultures also have a tradition of using foreign stones as a marker of worship, a phenomenon written in both the Jew and the Qur'an.
In the era of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, the history of the Stone of Hajar Aswad became important when some clans in Mecca fought to determine who deserved to put the Black Stone back to the Ka'bah after the renovation due to the great fire.
After nearly war, clan elders began to agree that they should ask the next person who passed through the gate of the Ka'bah, and incidentally that person was Muhammad who was 35 years old.
After hearing the point, Muhammad asked the clan leaders to bring him a cloth, which he then used to put the Black Stone in the center of the cloth.
Once placed, Muhammad asked each clan chairman to hold the ends of the fabric, lift it up, and bring it to the right position to lay the Black Stone.
Upon arriving at his place, Muhammad himself took and placed the Black Stone in the proper position, and this succeeded in thwarting the war that might have occurred among the Meccan clans.
The history of the Stone of Hajar Aswad continued but before he had experienced some significant damage.
The stone is also told to have been broken by a stone fired by a catapult during the Mecca attack by Umayyad.
The broken stone fragments were then reunited by Abdullah Ibn Zubayr using silver. In 930, the stone was stolen by the Qarmati to what is now Bahrain.
Now, this stone becomes an important part in the religious ceremony of Muslims, that is when they perform the pilgrimage.
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