After the Arab invasion in the Iberian Peninsula in the 8th century a.C., specifically in 711 a.C, the Arabs took control of the Mediterranean Sea, which brought important and negative consequences for European trade and the economy of the same continent. .
With the Arabs controlling the Mediterranean Sea, they were the only ones who could use this seaway for commercial purposes, that is, that the bourgeoisie of Europe could not trade through the Mediterranean Sea, which brought backwardness and poverty for Europe, that they were cut off from the world beyond their maritime borders.
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Europe suffered a delay between the 8th century and the 11th century AD, despite the fact that the Iberian Peninsula resumed in the 10th century, it took just under a century for it to begin to see the advances resulting from the "unblocking" of the Mediterranean Sea , that is why it is said that the backwardness and consequences of it were suffered by Europeans for almost four centuries. During this time of backwardness and poverty in Europe, the Catholic Church strengthened its power and influence over the medieval kingdoms and consequently over the European population; this influence was maintained for several centuries, even in the present you can see how some countries continue to be directly influenced by the Catholic Church.
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Then, in the 10th century, when the Mediterranean Sea and the Iberian Peninsula were regained, the bourgeoisie played a very important role, took advantage of the resumed influence over the Mediterranean Sea and commerce multiplied, grew and tripled the population of the cities European ports, such as London, Venice, Rottherdam, Hamburg and Genoa; Power centers like Paris also grew but to a lesser degree than port cities. Maritime navigation increased and with this Europe became a multicultural continent; Some historians believe that this was the first "globalization" that was experienced in the world.
The main transport and communication routes were improved and many more were created thanks to the fact that the bourgeoisie, being the interested parties and the main users, made an effort to improve and maintain the roads. It went from a local economy that was the one that governed the European continent before the Arab invasion to a mercantilist economy thanks to the use of the Mediterranean Sea for commercial purposes and the rise of the bourgeoisie.
Source: http://www.curriculumenlineamineduc.cl/605/w3-article-19711.html
The church continued to maintain control over the monarchies, Episcopal cities were born that, although not commercially important, were centers of ecclesiastical power. Many navigation and trade permits were granted by the King under the influence of the Catholic Church, so it had influence (at least indirectly) on the emergence of commerce and the bourgeoisie during the Middle Ages.