These are the scientific discoveries that have made us see the world as we see it today
PENICILLIN
If Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming had not discovered penicillin, the first antibiotic in 1928, we might still die from things like stomach ulcers, abscesses, tonsils, infections, leptospirosis, etc.
MECHANICAL CLOCK
There is debate over what was the first mechanical clock, but it is usually considered the hour created by Chinese mathematician and monk, I-Hsing in 723. This discovery allowed us to quantify time.
HELIOCENTRY OF KOPERNIK
In 1543, on the deathbed, Polish astronomer Nicholas Copernicus published his theory that the Sun is at the center of the solar system and the planets revolve around it. Before that, astronomers believed that the Earth was at the center of the Universe.
BLOOD CIRCULATION
One of the most important discoveries in medicine, the discovery of blood circulation is known as British merit William Harvey. In 1628, he was the first to describe the complete circulation system as well as the importance of pumping blood into the brain and heart.
GRAVITY
It's often repeated story. Isaac Newton, a renowned English mathematician and physicist, discovered gravity after an apple fell on his head in 1664. His discovery explained why things fall down and why the planets revolve around the Sun.
THE STEAM ENGINE
It is widely accepted that modern civilization was forged into the industrial revolutionary factories, relying on the steam engine. It was not so much an invention, rather than a development for more than 100 years by three British inventors: Thomas Savery, Thomas Newcomen and James Watt.
AIR CONDITIONER
Primitive conditioning systems have existed since ancient times, but only in 1902, the first electronical air conditioning unit was invented by a new engineer named Willis Carrier in Buffalo, New York.
ELECTRICITY
The discovery of electricity that changed life on the world was recognized by English scientist Michael Faraday. His discoveries include the principles behind electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis. Faraday's experiments also created the first generator.
DNA
Many people believe that American biologist James Watson and English physician Frensis Krik discovered DNA in the 1950s, but in fact it was identified in 1860 by Swiss chemist Friedrich Misher. Subsequently, many studies were conducted on how organisms inherit genes.
ANESTHESIA
Primitive forms of anesthesia, such as opium and alcohol, have been used since the 1970s, but only in 1847 the American surgeon Henry Bigelow labeled ether and chloroform as the first general anesthetics, making painful operations affordable.
THEORY OF RELATIVITY
With his relativity theory Albert Einstein transformed theoretical physics and astronomy during the 20th century, leaving behind the 200-year theory of mechanics created by Newton. This theory became the foundation of modern science.
TELEGRAPH
Since early 1753, many experimenters worked on the application of electricity for distance communications, but only in 1835, Joseph Henry and Edward Davy invented the critical trackwinner that helped create the first telegraph after 2 years.
PERIODIC TABLE
In 1869, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev noted that, when ranked by atomic weight, chemical elements form groups of similar quality. He thus created the unprecedented periodic table, one of the most important discoveries in chemistry.
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Already used as a highly efficient and accurate diagnostic tool in medicine, resonance imaging was originally invented by American physician Isidor Isaac Rabi in 1938. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery in 1944.
PAPER
Although in the Mediterranean world and pre-Columbian America there existed precursors like papyruses, these materials are not a true letter. The first paper making process was documented in China during the Eastern Horns period.
THE EVOLUTION THEORY
Inspired by his observations, Charles Darwin began to develop what would later be known as the theory of evolution through natural selection - the key mechanism of evolution.
POLIO VACCINES
On March 26, 1953, Americans Jonas Salk announced that he had successfully tested a vaccine against polio. In 1952, a yearly epidemic of polio, there were 58,000 new cases and more than 3,000 deaths in the US.
PLOW
Invented in the 18th century, the plow was the first to not only dig up the earth but also overturned it, enabling strong ground cultivation. Without it, agriculture as we know it would not exist in northern Europe or in America.
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