If we study the history of scouting education we can not escape from the life history of the founder of the World Scout movement Lord Robert Baden Powell of Gilwell.
in This is due to the experience beliaulah underlying adolescent coaching in the UK. this youth coaching which later grows into a scouting movement.
B. The history of Baden Powell
Born on 22 February 1857 under the name Robert Stephenson Smyth. his father was named powell a Professor of Geometry at Oxford University, who died when Stephenson was a child.
Baden Powell's experience that has an impact on scouting activities is enormous and interesting:
because left by the father since childhood, then get coaching his mother's character.
From his brother got a skill training sailing, swimming, camping, sports and others.
the nature of Baden Powell is very smart, happy, funny, play music, play, exercise, making and drawing so liked his friends.
experience in India as a Lieutenant assistant to the 13th Cavalry Regiment who succeeded in trailing the lost horse at the top of the mountain and the success of practicing the senses to Kimball O'Hara.
Beleaguered the Boers in the town of Mafeking, South Africa for 127 days and lack of food.
experience defeating the Zulu Kingdom in Africa and picking up Dinizulu King's wooden bead necklace.
This experience is written in the book "Aids To Scouting" which is a guide for the young British Army in order to carry out the task of investigators well. william Smyth, a leader of the Boys Brigade in England, requested that Baden Powell train members according to his experience. then called 21 youths from the Boys Brigade in various parts of England, invited to camp and practice on Browns Sea island on 25 July 1907 for 8 days.
In 1910 BP retired from the army with the last rank of Lieutenant General. In 1912 married to Ovale St. clair Soames and was awarded 3 children. He received the title Lord of King George in 1929 Baden Powell died on 8 January 1941 in Nyeri, Kenya, Africa.
C. World Scouting History
early in 1908 Baden Powell writes his experience for the scouting practice he initiated. Collection of this writing is made a book with the title "Scouting For Boys". the book is rapidly spreading across the UK and other countries which then stood the scouting organization that was originally only for men by the name of Boys Scout.
In 1912 for the help of his younger sister, Agnes founded a scouting organization for women under the name Girl Guides who later passed on by his wife.
in 1916 stands scout age standby group with the name CUB (wolf boy) with the book The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling as a guideline of its activities. This book tells the story of Mowgli the jungle who was reared in the forest by a werewolf.
in 1918 he formed Rover Scout for those who have aged 17 years. In 1922 he published the book Rovering To Success (Wandering Towards Happy). This book describes a young man who had to paddle his boat to a happy beach.
1920 held the first World Jamboree at Olympia Hall, London. He invited Scouts from 27 countries and at that time Baden Powell was appointed as Mr. Pandu Dunia (Chief Scout of The World).
in 1914 he wrote instructions for the Scout Preparation course and can only be done in 1919. From his friend named W.F. de Bois Maclarren, he got a piece of land in Chingford which was later used as a scout coaching place by the name of Gilwell Park.
in 1920 the International Council was formed with 9 members and its Secretariat Bureau in London, England and in 1958 the World Scouting Bureau was moved from London to Ottawa Canada. On May 1, 1968 the World Scouting Bureau was moved again to Geneva, Switzerland.
from 1920 to 19 the Head of World Scouting Bureau held consecutively by Hebert Martin (England). Colonel J.S. Nilson (UK), Major General D.C. Spry (Canada) which in 1965 was replaced by R.T. Lund 1 May 1968 replaced again by DR. Laszio Nagy as Secretary General.
World Boy Scouting Bureau has 5 regional offices namely Costa Rica, Egypt, Philippines, Switzerland and Nigeria. The World Women's Scouting Bureau is headquartered in London with 5 regional offices in Europe, Asia Pacific, Arab, Africa and Latin America.
in Indonesia before there was no use of scout names, because at that time the government was still held by the government
Netherlands.Setelah news of the development of scout activities that have been pioneered baden powell widespread. Dutch hindians were also interested in making the event, Dutch government using the name "Nederlansd Indische Padvinders Verreniging (NIPV) or the guiding union of Hindu-Dutch guides" in 1916.
but these activities also attract the attention of national figures of this country, they understand that with activities and organizing can be used as a container to strengthen the sense of nationalism and love of the country.
resulting in a variety of scouting organizations such as JPO (Javaanse Padvinders Organizatie) JJP (Jong Java Padvindery), NATIPIJ (Nationale Islamitsche Padvindery), SIAP (Sarekat Islam Afdeling Padvindery), HW (Hisbul Wathon)with the ban Dutch East Indies government using the term Padvindery then K.H.Agus Salim using the name Pandu or Scouting.
with the increase of national awareness after the Youth Pledge, then in 1930 the organizers such as IPO, PK (Pandu Sultanate), PPS (Pandu Pemuda Sumatra) merged into KBI (Indonesian Nation Scout)
on 16 September 1951, it was decided the establishment of Indonesian Pandu Association (IPINDO) as a federation. In 1953 Ipindo managed to become a member of the world scouting
in the 10th anniversary of the 10th Independence Proclamation of Indonesia, Ipindo held a National Jamboree, held at Ragunan, Sunday market on 10-20 August 1955, Jakarta.
then the scouting period continues to grow and the term scouting turned into a PRAMUKA MOVEMENT, Scout Day in Indonesia approved
