MAPS, PHOTOGRAPHY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT WHERE WE LIVING EVERY DAY! HISTORY, ARCHITECTURE, STREETS, HOUSES, DECORATIVE DESIGN
Old map of the city of Troitsk
Troitsk's plan for 1796. The text of the plan says that Troitsk is fenced with a wooden stronghold and earthen ditches. They are already dilapidated, as they were built long ago. There are only steppes around the city, no forests. Although there is one wood-burning one 25 miles away. On the right side of the Uy River is the Exchange yard, which is used for trade. It is divided into three parts: "for the Kirghis, Bukharians and Russian merchants." Of the buildings on the map, for example, the commandant's and artillery houses, customs, a school, a powder magazine, food stores, salt barns, 30 storerooms and 18 trade stores, two drinking houses, an infirmary and more are marked. The city was home to 228 men and 177 women. Of these "merchants are male 27, female 18, petty bourgeois male 18, female 13". Retired soldiers and soldiers' children - 133 males, 88 females. And also 92 landlord peasants and 16 clergymen. Based on the materials of R.N. Gizatullin. The map was provided by G. Kh.Samigulov (SUSU). Source: #archive
Sending a trade caravan to Central Asia
Trading rows built by merchants - brothers Yaushev
HISTORY OF TROITSK, RUSSIA, CHELYABINSK REGION
Troitsk is one of the most versatile cities in the South Urals. It organically combines the features of a modern municipality and patriarchal antiquity, a solid industrial potential and agricultural land spread out in the steppe. For more than 260 years, Troitsk has been an ordinary border fortress, a provincial-scale trade center, and a Soviet regional center. In order to understand what the ancient city is like today, it is necessary to look into its chronicle: history contains all the sources of modern problems and successes. The Troicans rightfully consider Ivan Neplyuev to be the founder of their city. It was this officer with a small detachment of Cossacks who began in 1743, on Trinity Day, the construction of a fortress - one of many on the border with the nomadic Kazakh and Bashkir tribes.
The colonists from Central Russia traded with nomads, communicated, and sometimes even fought. It is unlikely that Ivan Neplyuev assumed that it was the fortification he had laid and the town that had grown up around that would become the site of one of the largest Russian fairs. However, it turned out that way. Trinity Fortress is located on the Great Silk Road, the main trade route between Russia and Asian countries. Until now, the city has preserved trading rows of the 19th century, where merchants from the West and the East put up for sale a variety of goods - cloth, silk, wine, bread, iron and gold, horses and camels. The 19th century was a heyday for Troitsk: new shops, hotels, caravanserais, merchant houses were constantly being built in the city.
Photo report. Traveling through the South Urals. The city of Troitsk. Famous merchants of Russia. The trading house of the Yaushev brothers. History and modernity.
The trading house of the Yaushev brothers in Troitsk
One of the houses of the Yaushev brothers in Troitsk. In total, they had 18 houses in the city.
Trading houses of brothers Yaushevs in the city of Chelyabinsk
Trading houses of brothers Yaushevs in the city of Tashkent (Uzbekistan)
Trading houses of brothers Yaushevs in the city of Kostanay (Kazakhstan)
TRADING ACTIVITIES OF THE BROTHERS YAUSHEVS
In the 19th century, representatives of one of the branches of the Yaushev family formed the famous dynasty of merchants of the first guild. The founder of the dynasty was Gaisa Yusupovich Yaushev (1790-1870), who became rich in trade operations between Russia and Central Asia and settled in the city of Troitsk. The Yaushevs' firm (at the end of the 19th century - "Trading house under the firm of Abdulvali Akhmetyanovich Yaushev with brothers", after 1906 - "Trading house of the Yaushev brothers") owned trade passages in Troitsk, Chelyabinsk, Kustanai and Tashkent, soap and tanneries, cotton and tea plantations, steam mills and gold mines.
Merchants Yaushevs were known as patrons and Islamic public figures: they financed the construction of mosques and educational institutions, participated in the work of the All-Russian Muslim congresses, were members of the Jadid movement. After the October Revolution, the property of the Yaushevs merchants was nationalized, many members of the family emigrated to Japan, the USA and Western Europe. Subsequently, some of them returned to Soviet Russia. It is a pity that all the works of the Yaushev merchants remained in the history of the city and Russia. Under Soviet rule, merchants were forbidden to engage in trade, and everything they had was taken away.
Everything that the Yaushevs put their hand to was distinguished by its scope and quality. The Jaushevs opened large trading houses equipped with the latest technology. The architectural appearance of these shops was also of great importance. Passage as a department store (the prototype of today's shopping centers) at the beginning of the 20th century was a progressive type of trade establishment. And this trend was quickly picked up by the enterprising brothers Yaushevs (grandchildren of the founder of the merchant dynasty, Gaisa Yaushev). However, the intention of the Yaushevs to rebuild such a passage in Troitsk ran into difficulties from the very beginning.
For a long time, officials could not allocate a site for construction, citing the alleged lack of free land within the city. Then the site was finally found, but - on a swampy place, in the area of the Lower Bazaar (now Malyshev street). The Jaushevs brilliantly solved this problem - they attracted masters of engineering, who developed a special drainage system. The foundation stands on larch piles and a lead pad. The construction of this passage cost the brothers 300 thousand rubles. The building was constructed in 1908-1910, the opening of the passage took place in 1911. The passage was equipped with technical innovations: a telephone, an elevator, and electric lighting. At that time, the three-story arcade was one of the most prominent buildings in Troitsk.
ALL THIS WAS YESTERDAY. WHAT IS TODAY?
DEADLY MODERNITY. TRADING HOUSE OF THE YAUSHEV BROTHERS IN TROITSK. NOW HERE IS AN ELECTROMECHANICAL PLANT WHICH ALREADY ALREADY DOES NOT WORK. BUILDINGS IN POOR CONDITION, EVERYTHING IS DESTROYING.
Report - Travel through the cities of the Great Silk Road. History. Yesterday and today.
One part of the photographs is history. The second part of the photographs is from the author's archive. Photos are made in Apple iPhone software (HUJI - IOS). New popular for photography is the film camera effect.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
- original photo;
- first publication;
- camera iPhone 6