Hi Everyone,
Welcome to the ‘Buying and Selling Game’ (Business Version) Contest 21 results post. This post contains a video of the ‘Buying and Selling Game’ Excel Model generating the demand for each good, quantities sold, and profits for each participant for this contest.
Winner determined in this video
What is the Buying and Selling Game (Business Version)?
For the benefit of those who have not entered this contest, here is a brief explanation of how the game works.
The participants are required to buy or produce goods with an allocated budget. They are given a choice of three types of goods to buy or produce. They are required to buy or produce these goods in combinations specified in the question. The participants are required to set the prices of the goods they have bought or produced. All costs are provided in the question. However, demand for each good is not provided.
The demand for the goods are determined using an Excel Model using triangle distributions. The participants are informed of the minimum, maximum, and mode values used to determine these distributions. The Excel Model uses the calculated demand and prices entered by the participants to calculate the number of goods sold. The prices, costs, quantities bought or produced, and quantities sold are used to determine the profit for each participant.
The participant with the highest profit after selling his or her goods is the winner.
Responses to the contest are made in the comments section of the post. If several participants make the same profit, the person who entered (commented) first will win. The account with the winning entry will receive 30 Hive and the first 12 entries will be given upvotes. The winner may win an additional 5 Hive if he or she has a profit higher than the profit generated by the model estimator. If nobody makes a profit (i.e. zero or negative), the prize will be rolled over to the next contest.
The format of the required entry is explained in detail in the contest itself.
For a more detailed explanation, you can access the contest post using the following link.
Results of the contest
Figures 1, 2, and 3 contain the model-generated demand curves for non-fiction, fiction, and children’s books respectively.
Figure 1: Model Generated Demand Curve for Non-fiction Books
Figure 2: Model Generated Demand Curve for Fiction Books
Figure 3: Model Generated Demand Curve for Children’s Books
Table 1 contains responses, quantity sold, revenue, and the profit made by each participant.
Table 1: Participant responses and profit
Congratulations to 
Contest Tips
For the business version of the Buying and Selling Game, a participant needs to understand three areas. These areas are:
- Impact of working under a budget.
- Relationships between costs, demand and price.
- Shape of the demand curve.
The size of the budget plays an important role in determining how much of each good should be purchased or produced.
If the budget is large, production of goods should be more widely distributed across all three available types of goods. Generally, goods with elastic demand should be bought in higher quantities than goods with inelastic demand. Goods should be bought close to the point where new customers’ willingness-to-pay (i.e. marginal revenue) is almost at cost (per unit). Thus, goods should not be priced too high.
If the budget is small, goods with inelastic demand and high maximum price should be favoured over goods with elastic demand and lower maximum price. Prices should be high to capture as much consumer surplus from customers with high willingness-to-pay. If the budget is exceptionally small, it might be optimal to produce just one good.
Understanding the relationships between cost, demand, and price is essential for optimal pricing of goods. Goods must be priced above cost to make profit but if the prices are too high, insufficient customers will buy the goods, which will reduce profits.
The maximum, minimum, mode, and diminishing marginal utility determine the shape of the demand curve. High diminishing marginal utility increases inelasticity of demand. A large difference between maximum and mode price, increases inelasticity of demand in the top portion of the demand curve. A large difference between minimum and mode price, increases inelasticity of demand in the bottom portion of the demand curve. The top half of the demand curve is most relevant when the budget is small. The bottom half of the demand curve is normally more relevant when the budget is large.
Other important things to consider are batch size and costs of goods. Large batch sizes may force participants to focus on less goods, as the optimal number of some types of goods may fall short of the number in the batch. If the business is dealing with very low cost goods, a participant is more likely to make a higher profit by spreading purchases across all available goods. If the business is dealing with high cost goods, a participant is more likely to make a higher profit from focussing on one or two goods. This is because quantity demanded for high cost goods is normally lower than for low cost goods.
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