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Facebook uses AI to gauge how far away elements of a scene are from the camera, creating what's called a depth map. That's used to convert a 2D photo into a 3D photo.
Facebook; GIF by Nicole Archer/CNET
Facebook has used artificial intelligence technology to bring 3D photos to people taking pictures on phones that only can take plain old 2D shots. By training its AI systems on existing 3D photos, Facebook can figure out how to make 3D photos even if your camera can't.
Facebook announced 3D photos in 2018 but initially offered the technology only with iPhones that could take portrait mode shots. For those, Apple uses dual cameras to reconstruct 3D data about the scene,