After having briefly analyzed what imperialism and its main current exponents are, it's time to analyze the anti-imperialist ideological trend.
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Of course, determining if someone is truly anti-imperialist is open to subjectivities. For me, it involves evaluating ideological consistency, actions, and analysis, beyond superficial statements.
There are various perspectives, from Marxist to liberal critiques, but the common point is opposing all forms of imperial domination, not just Western ones (mainly the U.S.) and in promoting sovereignty and global justice without excusing local oppressions in the name of unity or political affinity. It's not just rhetoric; action is needed. Additionally, one must recognize that imperialism evolves economic, cultural and militarily.
Let's look below at a list of criteria, which are not absolute since anti-imperialism is subjective and contextual, that help discern the authentic from the selective or hypocritical.
1. Consistency in opposing all imperialism
A real anti-imperialist opposes global and regional empires, regardless of their origin (U.S., Russia, China, Iran, etc.), without excusing one to criticize another. For example, they condemn both U.S. interventions in Latin America and Russian ones in Ukraine or Chinese ones in the South China Sea, without falling into choosing sides based on blind anti-Westernism.
It is understandable, however, that criticisms are more consistent and strong about the imperialism that affects us most directly. Nevertheless, it is a sign of falsehood to only criticize Yankee imperialism while justifying authoritarian regimes as "anti-imperialist" by opposition.
2. Commitment to internationalism and solidarity
Anti-imperialism supports political, social, and cultural liberation struggles around the world, recognizing interconnections (e.g., Palestine, indigenous communities in the Americas). It is not nationalist or ethnocentric; it understands that the fight for rights is global even if certain situations do not directly affect us.
3. Structural analysis
It understands imperialism as an economic, social, and cultural system, not just military. It criticizes institutions or multinational corporations that perpetuate inequalities. It also proposes alternatives to the current system, such as cooperative economies, digital sovereignty, or cultural decolonization.
4. Concrete actions and militancy
It is not passive; it participates in protests, boycotts, or promotes education to raise awareness against imperialism.
In actions, one can see who is trying to generate change and who is only seeking to gain popularity in leftist circles.
5. Rejection of racism, sexism, and other internal oppressions
It views imperialism as an intersectional oppression: linked to colonialism, racism, and patriarchy. It criticizes oppressions within anti-imperialist, social, and leftist movements (e.g., repression in regimes like Cuba, Venezuela, or Iran). It does not ignore abuses in the name of "anti-imperialist unity."
Above all, it integrates feminism, anti-racism, and environmentalism into its critique.
Final thoughts
In summary, true anti-imperialism is inclusive, critical, and active, not selective nor excusing of tyrannies.
And you, what do you think? If you have another criterion, feel free to leave it in the comments.