In modern agriculture, the development of in vitro cultures is one of the propagation techniques that allows obtaining clones from plants that do not propagate naturally (sexual seed) or are very difficult to propagate by other means of multiplication (cuttings, grafting, layering, among others).
▶ With this technique, large quantities of plants are obtained from an initial tissue segment called explant, which can regenerate a complete plant genetically identical (clone) to the plant that originated it.
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In vitro culture includes physiological, biochemical, genetic and structural studies that contribute to the solution of basic problems, as they have a practical application in cloning.
The formulation of inorganic salts and organic compounds required for the nutrition and manipulation of cultures is called culture medium, and there are numerous formulations, each of which comprises between 6 and 40 compounds.
Basically, culture media are composed of compounds that supply a carbon source, mineral nutrients, vitamin substances, growth regulating substances, gelling agent (in the case of semi-solid media) and other compounds.
As for the organic compounds necessary for the realization of the normal metabolism of certain living organisms are vitamins, which are those that resemble enzymes or hormones that the organism needs in really minimum quantities for its normal growth and development, within the vitamins used in culture media, we have those of the B complex group or water-soluble.
NOTE: Reference material.