Freedom is the ability to act, speak, and think as one chooses without external hindrance. It's often categorized into two main types: negative freedom and positive freedom.
Negative Freedom
Negative freedom is "freedom from" something. It's the absence of external constraints, coercion, or interference from others or the state.
Example: The freedom of speech is a form of negative freedom. It means the government cannot stop you from expressing your opinions, even if those opinions are unpopular. You are free from government censorship.
Positive Freedom
Positive freedom is "freedom to" do something. It's the presence of the means and opportunities to achieve one's potential and make meaningful choices. This often requires resources or the active support of others or the state.
Example: The freedom to get an education is a form of positive freedom. Simply not being prevented from going to school isn't enough; you also need access to schools, teachers, and learning materials. The state may need to provide public education to ensure this freedom exists for everyone.