Here is a quick history of the United States of America dollar coins.
First there was the Flowing Hair Dollar (1794-1795), then the Draped Bust Dollar-Small Eagle (1795-1798), followed by the Draped Bust Dollar-Heraldic Eagle (1798-1804). Then came the 1836 Gobrecht Flying Eagle Dollar, which was succeeded by the Seated Liberty Dollar-No Motto (1840-1865) and followed by the Seated Liberty Dollar-Motto (1866-1873). Then it was the time of the Trade Dollar (1873-1878). Then the Morgan Dollar (1878-1904, 1921) and the Peace Dollar (1921-1935). Then, the start of the clad dollars, the Eisenhower Dollar (1971-1978). After that, the dollar was made smaller with the Susan B Anthony Dollar (1979-1982, 1999). Then the recognizable Sacagawea Dollar (2000-2008), the same size and weight as the Susan B Anthony, except it has a golden color and a coined edge. From 2009 to the present day, the Native American Dollar where the reverse featured varied designs to include the life and contributions of Native Americans. Also, started in 2007 to the present day, we have the Presidential Dollar, which features all the presidents of the United States, with four designs issued every year (each president receives 3 months of striking time), all have the same reverse design: the Statue of Liberty.
2025 Sacagawea $1 Native American Mary Kawena Pukui
The obverse design features a portrait of Sacagawea carrying her infant son, Jean-Baptiste. The coins have edge lettering and a golden color.
Incused inscriptions on the edge of the coins are in Latin: E PLURIBUS UNUM, which translates to English as "Out of many, one."
Also incused on the edge is the year 2025 followed by the United States Mints: P for Philadelphia, S for San Francisco, and D for Denver.
The reverse (tail) design features Mary Kawena Pukui wearing a hibiscus flower, a kukui nut lei, and a muʻumuʻu adorned with an aloha print. Stylized depictions of water appear in the background. Inscriptions include “United States of America,” “$1,” and “Nānā I Ke Kumu,” which translates literally to “Look to the Source.”
Nānā I Ke Kumu is the title of a series of books that Pukui helped produce with the Queen Liliʻuokalani Children's Center. The phrase itself is considered very evocative of Pukui’s life, work, and legacy, as she was someone who was constantly consulted for her expertise on various aspects of Hawaiian knowledge. Hawaiian knowledge is symbolized through the leaves and nuts of Hawaii’s state tree, the kukui.
Source
Mary Abigail Kawenaʻulaokalaniohiʻiakaikapoliopelekawahineʻaihonua Pukui was born on an early spring morning on Saturday, April 20, 1895. She was born in Hale Ola, (House of Life), her grandmother’s house, Hāniumalu Hill in the village of Nāʻālehu in the moku (district) of Kaʻū on the island of Hawaiʻi. She was the daughter of Henry Nathaniel Wiggin, formerly of Salem, Massachusetts, and Paʻahana Kanakaʻole, a pure Hawaiian whose ancestral roots are found in the line of priests and chiefs of the district of Kaʻū. Source
Mary Kawena Pukui’s lifetime during the early 1900s spanned years when Hawaiian society was experiencing dramatic shifts, and knowledge from older generations was being rapidly lost. Pukui herself became a bridge between cultures and world views, forming a living connection between successive generations and allowing access to a knowledge base left generously and purposefully by our kūpuna. Pukui became a living repository of Hawaiian cultural knowledge and history, and her lifetime of efforts to preserve this ʻike reinforced her belief that “Knowledge is life.” Source
Hawaii's Mary Kawena Pukui (1895–1986) was an archivist, educator, composer, hula dancer, scholar, and author. The Hawaiian Renaissance of the 1970s is often attributed to her..
Reference
https://pcgs.com/coinfacts
https://www.usmint.gov/native-american-1-coin-2025-rolls-bags-and-boxes-MASTER_NA2025RBB.html
https://en.numista.com/catalogue/pieces451568.html
https://wams.nyhistory.org/confidence-and-crises/great-depression/mary-kawena-pukui/
https://www.ksbe.edu/article/kukahekahe-celebrating-mary-kawena-pukui
https://www.kaainamomona.org/post/mary-kawena-pukui
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Kawena_Pukui
https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/mary-abigail-kawena-pukui
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