Congress has commissioned gold medals as the highest form of national recognition for noteworthy accomplishments and contributions since the American Revolution. General George Washington received the medal for the first time on March 21, 1790, from the Second Continental Congress.
For the Liberation of Boston, 1779
General George Washington wrote to the Continental Congress on March 20, 1776, announcing the British withdrawal from Boston Harbor and his triumph against General Howe. The next day, Secretary John Adams excitedly suggested that Washington be given a gold medal for his effective leadership.
This was the first Comitia Americana medal to be commissioned and the first Congressional gold medal awarded. Still, it was the sixth to be offered to the military hero, engraved. The fabrication and design of the medal were equally disorganized as the Revolution's early conflicts. Washington was the first-commissioned Comitia Americana, but it took two unsuccessful committees, a botched design, and at least 14 years before he received his medal.
A facsimile of the medal stuck by the US Mint, 1973:
The obverse design features George Washington's head facing left.
The Latin inscription reads in translation
GEORGIO WASHINGTON SVPREMO DVCI EXERCITVVM ADSERTORI LIBERTATIS COMITIA AMERICANA (The American Congress to George Washington, commander-in-chief of the armies, the assertor of liberty)
For retaking Boston on March 17, 1776, resolved on March 25, 1776:
That the thanks of this Congress, in their own name, and in the name of the thirteen United Colonies, whom they represent, be presented to his Excellency General Washington, and the Officers and Soldiers under his command, for their wise and spirited conduct in the siege and acquisition of Boston; and that a medal of gold be struck in commemoration of this great event, and presented to his Excellency; and that a Committee of three be appointed to prepare a letter of thanks, and a proper device for the Medal.1
The British evacuation of Boston is depicted on the reverse. From a distance, the enemy is retreating to the warships as the American army advances on the city. General Washington is seen in the foreground on horseback with a group of officers, to whom he points out the fleeing enemy.
George Washington's report to Congress in the fall of 1776 laid down his basic strategy for war. "We should on all occasions avoid a general action or putting anything at the risk, unless compelled by a necessity into which we ought never be drawn". His belief in moral righteousness of the American struggle for liberty was based on scrupulous moral honesty, and once he committed himself, turning back for him was inconceivable. The fortitude with which he met overwhelming difficulties were based upon his faith; defeats to him were merely temporary setbacks and victories merely longer or shorter step towards final success.2
I've included a short video "The American Revolution Explained" from YouTube.
Reference
https://americanhistory.si.edu/ko/collections/object-groups/comitia-americana-medals/george-washington?page=1
1https://allthingsliberty.com/2015/04/7-gold-medals-of-americas-revolutionary-congress/#_edn3
2 Medals Commemorating Battles of the American Revolution by Vladimir and Elvira Clain-Stefanelli
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